Appropriate Notification And Review Of Another Engineer's Work

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Engineer B's act of notifying Engineer A of his relationship with franchiser was not consistent with the Code. The Board was split on the second question and could not reach agreement.

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One of the more challenging areas of engineering ethics issues involves the everyday relations among engineers. At one time, the Code had strict provisions regarding relations among engineers. However, with the passage of time, these strict provisions have been carefully modified to reflect the needs of clients and the evolving nature and realities of engineering practice. As with any provision of the Code of Ethics, provisions regarding relations among engineers must be carefully balanced with the needs and requirements of the individual client as well as the particular facts and circumstance of the case. It is not always possible to draw fine distinctions in this area, however certain general ethical principles as enunciated in the Code of Ethics provide guidance in the resolution of these issues. As has been noted on several occasions by the Board, the question of one engineer reviewing the work of another engineer has long been a subject of inquiry by the Board. Section III.8.a. admonishes engineers against reviewing the work of another engineer for the same client except with expressed knowledge of the engineer or unless the original relationship between the first engineer and the client has been terminated. In BER Case 79-7, an engineer was asked to inspect mechanical and electrical engineering work performed seven years earlier. The Board concluded that the engineer notified the former engineer that the engineer was being retained to perform review and inspection services and that the review would entail a review of the original design. Said the Board: "It may be helpful for future guidance to again point out that the purpose of Section 12(a) (now Section III.8.a.) is to provide the engineer whose work is being reviewed by another engineer an opportunity to submit...comments or explanations for...technical decisions, thereby enabling the reviewing engineer to have the benefit of a fuller understanding of the technical considerations in the original design ...

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Engineer A is retained by an major franchiser to provide engineering design services for a chain of stores throughout the United States. After several years, the franchiser decides to terminate its relationship with Engineer A and provides Engineer A of notice of its intent not to renew its contract with Engineer A's firm. In order to maintain continuity and before the contract expires, the franchiser begins discussions with Engineer B and retains Engineer B to provide immediate review of design concerns that are pending in connection with the design of several franchise facilities throughout the US. Prior to the review, franchiser specifically tells Engineer B not to disclose to Engineer A, Engineer B's relationship with franchiser. Nevertheless, Engineer B reviews the design information the following week and following his review, notifies Engineer A of his relationship with franchiser and the preliminary results of his review. Several weeks later, Engineer A's agreement with the franchiser expires and the franchiser retains Engineer B as its design engineer.

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Was Engineer B's act of notifying Engineer A of his relationship with franchiser consistent with the Code? Was it ethical for Engineer B to proceed with the review at that time?
Similar Cases

D-tuple Component Breakdown

170

Total Entities

9/9

Components Populated

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Combined Embedding
Roles R
w=0.12 384D
Confidentiality-Instructing Engineering Services Client
A client role borne by a party that retains a successor or reviewing engineer and explicitly instructs that engineer...
Engineer A Original Design Engineer Subject to Peer Review
The incumbent engineer whose prior work is being reviewed by Engineer B; not initially notified of Engineer B's...
Outgoing Incumbent Design Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer or firm has provided ongoing design services to a...
Confidentiality-Directed Successor Design Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer is retained by a client to review and ultimately...
National Franchise Engineering Services Client
A commercial client role borne by a major national franchiser that retains engineering design services for a chain...
Engineer A Outgoing Incumbent Design Engineer
Provided engineering design services to the franchiser for several years under a long-term contract; received notice...
Engineer B Confidentiality-Directed Successor Design Engineer
Retained by the franchiser to review pending design concerns while Engineer A's contract was still active; directed...
Franchiser National Franchise Engineering Services Client
Major national franchiser that retained Engineer A for multi-year design services, elected not to renew the...
Faithful Agent Peer-Notification-Conflicted Reviewing Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer retained to review another engineer's work faces a...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Peer-Notification-Conflicted Reviewing Engineer
Retained by client to review Engineer A's work; instructed by client not to disclose the engagement to Engineer A;...
Client Confidentiality-Instructing Engineering Services Client
Retained Engineer B to review Engineer A's work and explicitly instructed Engineer B not to disclose the new...
11 entities
Principles P
w=0.2 384D
Client Direction Does Not Authorize Ethical Violation Invoked Against Franchiser Confidentiality Instruction
The franchiser's instruction to Engineer B not to disclose the review engagement to Engineer A constituted a client...
Successor Engineer Post-Review Contract Acceptance Permissibility Principle
Relational principle establishing that an engineer who is retained to conduct a review of an incumbent engineer's...
Incumbent Engineer Knowledge Requirement Invoked By Engineer B Against Client Instruction
Despite the franchiser's explicit instruction not to disclose the review engagement to Engineer A, Engineer B...
Professional Dignity Invoked For Engineer A As Incumbent Subject To Covert Review
Engineer A's professional dignity was implicated by the franchiser's instruction to conduct a covert review of...
Successor Engineer Post-Review Contract Acceptance Permissibility Invoked By Engineer B
Engineer B accepted the franchiser's design engineering contract after Engineer A's contract expired; this was...
Client Loyalty Invoked By Franchiser Toward Engineer B Confidentiality Instruction
The franchiser's instruction to Engineer B to maintain confidentiality about the review engagement invoked the...
At-Will Employment Symmetry Invoked For Franchiser Non-Renewal of Engineer A Contract
The franchiser's decision not to renew Engineer A's contract, and to transition to Engineer B as successor design...
Tripartite Interest Balancing Invoked In Engineer A to Engineer B Transition
The transition from Engineer A to Engineer B as the franchiser's design engineer required balancing: (1) the...
Faithful Agent Trustee Duty Invoked Against Engineer B Disclosure
Engineer B's duty as faithful agent and trustee to the client required Engineer B to follow the client's instruction...
Incumbent Engineer Knowledge Requirement Invoked as Competing Obligation
Section III.8.a. imposed on Engineer B an obligation to notify Engineer A that Engineer B was reviewing Engineer A's...
Pre-Engagement Client Instruction Clarification Obligation Applied to Engineer B
Engineer B should have explored the client's reasons for the confidentiality instruction before accepting the...
Reasonable Timing Compliance in Peer Review Notification Applied to Engineer B One-Week Delay
Engineer B's one-week delay in notifying Engineer A of the review engagement and preliminary results was found not...
Client Loyalty Invoked to Constrain Engineer B Disclosure
Engineer B's duty of loyalty to the client required respecting the client's explicit instruction not to disclose the...
Faithful Agent Obligation Within Ethical Limits Invoked By Engineer B Toward Franchiser
Engineer B served the franchiser faithfully by conducting the requested review of pending design concerns, but...
Competing Code Provision Balancing Applied to Peer Notification vs. Faithful Agent Duty
The Board engaged in contextual balancing of two competing code provisions - the Section III.8.a. peer notification...
Competing Code Provision Contextual Balancing Obligation
Fundamental ethical principle establishing that when two provisions of an engineering ethics code appear to impose...
Client Instruction Non-Override of Incumbent Peer-Review Notification Obligation
Relational principle establishing that a client's explicit instruction to a reviewing engineer to conceal the...
Benevolent Motive Does Not Cure Ethical Violation Applied to Engineer B
Engineer B's apparent good faith motivation in notifying Engineer A - not acting from personal advantage - did not...
Faithful Agent Trustee Duty as General Loyalty and Fair Dealing
Relational principle establishing that the engineer's obligation to act as a 'faithful agent and trustee' of the...
Pre-Engagement Client Instruction Clarification Obligation
Relational principle requiring an engineer, before accepting a client instruction that restricts or modifies the...
Reasonable Timing Compliance in Peer Review Incumbent Notification
Relational principle establishing that the professional obligation to notify an incumbent engineer that their work...
Professional Dignity of Incumbent Engineer Underlying Peer Notification Purpose
The peer notification obligation under Section III.8.a. is grounded in part in the incumbent engineer's professional...
22 entities
Obligations O
w=0.15 384D
Engineer B Covert Review Client Instruction Resistance
Engineer B was obligated to resist the franchiser's instruction to conduct the peer review of Engineer A's work...
Engineer B Successor Contract Acceptance After Engineer A Contract Expiration
Engineer B was obligated to refrain from accepting the successor design engineering contract from the franchiser...
Engineer B Peer Review Notification of Engineer A Despite Client Instruction
Engineer B was obligated to notify Engineer A of the peer review engagement despite the franchiser's explicit...
Engineer B Preliminary Review Results Disclosure to Engineer A
Engineer B was obligated to disclose the preliminary results of the peer review to Engineer A, recognizing that...
Franchiser Peer Review Procedural Fairness Non-Compliance Covert Instruction
The franchiser was obligated to refrain from instructing Engineer B to conduct the peer review of Engineer A's...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Peer Review Collegial Boundary Exercise
Engineer B was obligated to serve the franchiser faithfully by conducting a competent peer review while...
Engineer A Incumbent Faithful Performance During Contract Wind-Down
Engineer A was obligated to continue performing all contracted design services faithfully and competently for the...
Engineer B Peer Review Notification and Consent Fulfillment
Engineer B was obligated to notify Engineer A that Engineer A's work was being subjected to an independent peer...
Engineer B Pre-Engagement Client Instruction Rationale Clarification BER Case
Before accepting the franchiser's engagement and acting on the client's instruction not to disclose the review to...
Engineer B Peer Review Incumbent Notification Reasonable Timing Compliance BER Case
Engineer B was obligated under Section III.8.a. to notify Engineer A of the review engagement within a reasonable...
Client Instruction Non-Override of Incumbent Peer-Review Notification Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer retained to conduct a peer review of an active incumbent engineer's work to...
Successor Engineer Post-Review Expired-Contract Acceptance Permissibility Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer who has been retained to conduct a peer review of an incumbent engineer's...
Covert Peer Review Client Instruction Resistance Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer retained by a client to review an active incumbent engineer's work to...
Peer Review Preliminary Results Disclosure to Reviewed Engineer Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer who has completed a peer review of an incumbent engineer's active work to...
Peer Review Procedural Fairness Client Instruction Non-Compliance Facilitation Obligation
Duty of a client who commissions a peer review of an active incumbent engineer's work to refrain from instructing...
Faithful Agent Peer-Review Collegial Duty Boundary Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer retained to conduct a peer review of an incumbent engineer's work to serve...
Reviewed Engineer Technical Comment Opportunity Preservation Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer retained to review another engineer's work for the same client to ensure...
Faithful Agent Trustee General Loyalty Non-Fiduciary Interpretation Compliance Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer to interpret and apply the 'faithful agent and trustee' obligation under...
Pre-Engagement Client Instruction Rationale Clarification Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer who receives a client instruction that restricts or modifies the engineer's...
Faithful Agent Client Interest Non-Neglect Through Unauthorized Disclosure Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer acting as faithful agent and trustee for a client to refrain from...
Peer Review Incumbent Notification Reasonable Timing Compliance Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer who is obligated under NSPE Code Section III.8.a. to notify an incumbent...
Altruistic Disclosure Non-Justification for Client Interest Neglect Obligation
Duty of a licensed professional engineer acting as faithful agent and trustee for a client to recognize that the...
Engineer B Reviewed Engineer Technical Comment Opportunity Preservation BER Case
Engineer B was obligated, upon being retained to review Engineer A's pending design work, to ensure that Engineer A...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Trustee General Loyalty Non-Fiduciary Interpretation BER Case
Engineer B was obligated to apply the faithful agent and trustee standard under Section II.4 as a general duty of...
Engineer B Client Confidentiality Instruction Faithful Agent Compliance BER Case
Once Engineer B was explicitly instructed by the franchiser client not to disclose Engineer B's review engagement to...
Engineer B Altruistic Disclosure Non-Justification for Client Interest Neglect BER Case
Engineer B was obligated to recognize that the absence of personal advantage motivation in notifying Engineer A did...
Franchiser Client Peer Review Procedural Fairness Client Instruction Non-Override BER Case
The franchiser, as the client commissioning a peer review of Engineer A's active work, was obligated to ensure that...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Peer-Review Collegial Duty Boundary BER Case Discussion
Engineer B was obligated to act as a faithful agent and trustee for the franchiser client by conducting the...
28 entities
States S
w=0.1 384D
Engineer A Incumbent Active Contract State
Engineer A's contractual relationship with the franchiser
Franchiser Covert Review Instruction to Engineer B
Franchiser's instruction to Engineer B to conceal the new engagement from Engineer A
Engineer B Client-Directed Confidentiality Instruction Voluntarily Overridden
Engineer B's decision to notify Engineer A despite franchiser's explicit instruction to the contrary
Client Covert Review Instruction to Engineer B
Client's instruction to Engineer B not to notify Engineer A of the new engagement or review
Notification Duty vs. Faithful Agent Duty Conflict
Engineer B's simultaneous obligations under Code Section III.8.a (notify incumbent) and Code Section II.4 (faithful...
Engineer B Failure to Explore Client Motive Pre-Engagement
Engineer B's acceptance of the engagement without inquiring into the client's reason for the confidentiality instruction
Engineer B Non-Self-Interested Faithful Agent Violation
Engineer B's disclosure to Engineer A, motivated by professional courtesy rather than personal advantage, but still...
One-Week Notification Delay Reasonableness Assessment
The one-week delay between Engineer B's engagement and notification to Engineer A, assessed for compliance with...
Incumbent Engineer Under Active Review Without Knowledge
Engineer A's status as the engineer whose prior work is under review by Engineer B, without Engineer A's initial knowledge
Client Transition Overlap - Franchiser Dual Engineer Engagement
Franchiser's simultaneous contractual relationships with Engineer A (expiring) and Engineer B (newly retained)
Engineer A Employment Terminated - Franchiser Non-Renewal
Engineer A's post-contractual state following franchiser's non-renewal
Peer Review Confidentiality Agreement Absent - Engineer A Design Review
Engineer B's review of Engineer A's design work without any confidentiality agreement protecting Engineer A's design...
Engineer A Client Relationship Established - Franchiser
Engineer A's multi-year active professional relationship with the franchiser
Client-Directed Confidentiality Instruction Voluntarily Overridden by Engineer State
State in which an engineer has received an explicit client instruction to maintain confidentiality about a new...
Client Confidentiality Motive Unexplored Pre-Engagement State
State in which an engineer accepts an engagement subject to a client's confidentiality instruction - specifically,...
Non-Self-Interested Code Violation Mitigating Context State
State in which an engineer has violated a professional code obligation - specifically, a client confidentiality or...
Notification Timing Reasonableness Assessment State
State in which the timeliness of an engineer's notification to an incumbent engineer - required under professional...
Successor Engineer Retained Before Incumbent Contract Expiry State
State in which a client has formally retained a successor engineer for substantive design review services while the...
18 entities
Resources Rs
w=0.1 384D
NSPE-Code-of-Ethics
Primary normative authority governing Engineer B's obligations when retained to review Engineer A's work without...
Agent-Trustee Distinction Framework (NSPE Code Interpretation)
Used by the Board to distinguish between the engineer's role as agent (authorized to act for client) versus trustee...
Peer Review Notification Obligation Standard (Section III.8.a)
Establishes the professional norm that a reviewing engineer must notify the original engineer within a reasonable...
NSPE Code of Ethics - Section III.8.a
Governs the obligation of engineers to notify a prior engineer before reviewing that engineer's work for the same...
Peer-Review-Without-Notification-Standard-Instance
Governs Engineer B's obligation not to review Engineer A's design work without Engineer A's knowledge; the...
Engineer-Notification-Right-in-Review-Contexts-Instance
Establishes Engineer A's professional right to be notified that Engineer B has been retained to review Engineer A's...
Peer-Review-Conduct-Standard-Instance
Governs the procedural and ethical obligations applicable to Engineer B's review of Engineer A's pending design...
Engineer-Confidentiality-and-Loyalty-Obligation-Standard-Instance
Governs the tension between Engineer B's duty to follow the franchiser's confidentiality instruction and Engineer...
Legal Reference Dictionary
An authoritative legal reference work providing definitions and interpretations of legal terms used in professional...
NSPE Code of Ethics - Section II.4
Establishes the obligation of engineers to act as faithful agents or trustees for their clients; used to identify...
NSPE Code of Ethics - Sections II.1.c, III.4, III.4.a & b
Referenced to clarify that the term 'trustee' in Section II.4 refers to a general duty of loyalty rather than a...
BER Case 79-7
Cited as the primary precedent establishing the purpose of the engineer-review-notification requirement (Section...
Black's Law Dictionary (Fourth Edition)
Cited to provide an authoritative definition of 'trustee' that extends beyond strict fiduciary meaning to encompass...
Agent-Trustee Loyalty Obligation Standard (General Duty of Fair Dealing)
Establishes the countervailing obligation that Engineer B, as faithful agent/trustee, had a duty to carry out the...
BER-Case-Precedent-Peer-Review-Notification
Provides analogical precedential reasoning for Engineer B's situation - specifically prior BER rulings on whether an...
Engineer-Solicitation-and-Competition-Ethics-Standard-Instance
Governs whether Engineer B's acceptance of the franchiser's engagement - while Engineer A's contract is still active...
Post-Peer-Review-Procurement-Conflict-Standard-Instance
Addresses whether Engineer B's subsequent retention as the franchiser's full design engineer - following his review...
17 entities
Actions A
w=0.1 384D
Franchiser Instructs Confidentiality to Engineer B
Engineer B Accepts Project Without Clarification
Engineer B Reviews Design Information
Engineer B Notifies Engineer A of Relationship and Review
Franchiser Terminates Engineer A
Franchiser Retains Engineer B Early
6 entities
Events E
w=0.08 384D
Contract Non-Renewal Notice Received
Multi-Year Relationship Established
Parallel Engagement Overlap Created
Confidentiality Instruction Imposed on Engineer B
Engineer A Kept Uninformed During Review
Design Review Completed Under Conflict
Engineer A Informed of Successor Engagement
7 entities
Capabilities Ca
w=0.07 384D
Engineer A Incumbent Faithful Performance During Contract Wind-Down
Engineer A was obligated to continue performing all contracted design services faithfully and competently for the...
Engineer B Post-Review Successor Conflict Self-Assessment
Engineer B was required to assess whether accepting the successor design engineering contract after having conducted...
Engineer B Active Contract Incumbent Review Prohibition Recognition BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to recognize that Engineer A's contract with the franchiser was still active when...
Engineer B Active Contract Incumbent Review Prohibition Recognition
Engineer B recognized that Engineer A's contract was still active at the time of the peer review engagement and that...
Engineer B Covert Review Instruction Resistance
Engineer B demonstrated the capability to recognize and resist the franchiser's instruction to conduct the peer...
Engineer B Peer Review Notification Protocol Fulfillment
Engineer B fulfilled the procedural obligation to notify Engineer A that a peer review of Engineer A's professional...
Engineer B Preliminary Results Disclosure to Engineer A
Engineer B demonstrated the capability to disclose not merely the existence of the peer review engagement but also...
Engineer B Client Instruction Non-Override Collegial Notification Self-Recognition
Engineer B recognized that the franchiser's explicit instruction not to disclose the peer review engagement to...
Engineer B Successor Contract Acceptance Incumbent Expiration Prerequisite Recognition
Engineer B recognized that accepting the successor design engineering contract from the franchiser was ethically...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Trustee Term Scope Interpretation BER Case
Engineer B was required to correctly interpret the scope of 'trustee' in NSPE Code Section II.4 as a general duty of...
Engineer B Peer Review vs Faithful Agent Dual Code Provision Conflict Resolution BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to recognize and resolve the conflict between Section III.8.a. (peer review...
Engineer B Peer Review Incumbent Notification Reasonable Timing Calibration BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to calibrate whether his one-week delay in notifying Engineer A of the review...
Engineer B Peer Review Technical Comment Opportunity Preservation BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to recognize and fulfill the obligation to ensure Engineer A had an opportunity to...
Engineer B Peer Review Notification Protocol BER Case
Engineer B exercised the capability to recognize the procedural obligation to notify Engineer A of the peer review...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Trustee General Loyalty Non-Fiduciary Interpretation BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to recognize that the faithful agent and trustee obligation under Section II.4 has...
Successor Contract Acceptance Incumbent Contract Expiration Prerequisite Recognition Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer who has conducted a peer review of an incumbent engineer's active...
Peer Review vs. Faithful Agent Dual Code Provision Conflict Resolution Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer to recognize and resolve the specific conflict between two...
Pre-Engagement Client Confidentiality Instruction Rationale Inquiry Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer who receives a client instruction that restricts or modifies the...
Altruistic Disclosure Client Interest Neglect Self-Assessment Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer acting as faithful agent and trustee for a client to assess whether a...
Engineer B Peer Review Collegial Improvement Purpose Fidelity BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to conduct the peer review of Engineer A's work for its legitimate collegial...
Franchiser Peer Review Procedural Fairness Design BER Case
The franchiser needed the capability to design and implement a procedurally fair peer review process - including...
Client Instruction Non-Override of Collegial Peer-Review Notification Self-Recognition Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer retained to conduct a peer review to recognize that a client's...
Peer Review Preliminary Results Incumbent Disclosure Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer who has completed a peer review of an incumbent engineer's active...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Peer Review Collegial Boundary Exercise
Engineer B recognized that faithful service to the franchiser as client required conducting a competent peer review...
Franchiser Peer Review Procedural Fairness Design Obligation
The franchiser, as the commissioning client, bore the obligation to design and implement a procedurally fair peer...
Engineer B Pre-Engagement Client Confidentiality Instruction Rationale Inquiry BER Case
Engineer B lacked or failed to exercise the capability to seek clarification of the franchiser's rationale for...
Peer Review Incumbent Notification Reasonable Timing Calibration Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer who is obligated under NSPE Code Section III.8.a. to notify an...
Engineer Relations Code Evolution Historical Awareness Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer to recognize and apply the historical evolution of provisions...
Peer Review Technical Comment Opportunity Preservation Capability
Capability of a licensed professional engineer retained to review another engineer's work for the same client to...
Engineer B Altruistic Disclosure Client Interest Neglect Self-Assessment BER Case
Engineer B needed the capability to assess whether his disclosure to Engineer A - even though not motivated by...
BER Engineer Relations Code Evolution Historical Awareness BER Case
The BER demonstrated the capability to recognize and apply the historical evolution of engineer relations provisions...
31 entities
Constraints Cs
w=0.08 384D
Covert Peer Review Prohibition - Franchiser Instruction to Engineer B
The franchiser's instruction to Engineer B to conduct the peer review of Engineer A's work without notifying...
Peer Review Notification Reasonable Timing Constraint
Temporal and procedural constraint establishing that a licensed professional engineer who is obligated under NSPE...
Client Benefit Primacy Over All-Party Benefit Faithful Agent Disclosure Constraint
Ethical constraint establishing that a licensed professional engineer acting as faithful agent and trustee for a...
Engineer B Peer Review Notification One-Week Delay Reasonableness Assessment
Engineer B's one-week delay between accepting the franchiser's engagement and notifying Engineer A of the peer...
Engineer B Altruistic Motive Non-Override of Faithful Agent Duty Instance
Engineer B's apparent altruistic or collegial motivation in notifying Engineer A - not motivated by personal...
Engineer B Pre-Engagement Client Motive Inquiry Constraint Instance
Before accepting the franchiser's engagement subject to the instruction not to disclose the review to Engineer A,...
Engineer B Client Benefit vs. All-Party Benefit Disclosure Balancing Constraint Instance
Engineer B's disclosure decision was constrained by the requirement to assess whether the benefits of disclosure to...
Client Motive Inquiry Pre-Engagement Confidentiality Instruction - Engineer B Failure to Inquire Before Accepting Franchiser Engagement
Before accepting the franchiser's engagement subject to the confidentiality instruction, Engineer B was constrained...
Covert Peer Review Prohibition - Engineer B Review of Engineer A Without Prior Notification
Engineer B was prohibited from proceeding with the peer review of Engineer A's pending design work without first...
Incumbent Engineer Active Contract Covert Review Prohibition - Engineer B Review of Engineer A Under Active Contract
Engineer B was prohibited from reviewing Engineer A's design work for the franchiser without Engineer A's knowledge...
Client Confidentiality Instruction Peer Review Notification Non-Override - Franchiser Instruction to Engineer B
The franchiser's instruction to Engineer B to maintain confidentiality about the new engagement could not override...
Peer Review Preliminary Results Incumbent Disclosure - Engineer B Disclosure to Engineer A
Engineer B was obligated to disclose the preliminary results of the peer review to Engineer A, recognizing Engineer...
Peer Review Successor Contract Incumbent Contract Expiry Prerequisite - Engineer B Successor Engagement After Engineer A Contract Expiry
Engineer B was constrained from accepting the successor design engineering contract from the franchiser until...
No-Confidentiality-Agreement Peer Review Ethical Obligation Persistence - Engineer B Post-Review Successor Engagement
The absence of a formal confidentiality agreement governing Engineer B's peer review of Engineer A's design work did...
Peer Review Program Collegial Improvement Non-Exploitation - Engineer B Successor Contract Acceptance
Engineer B was constrained from using the peer review engagement as a mechanism to gain competitive intelligence or...
Faithful Agent Duty Peer Review Collegial Obligation Boundary - Engineer B Notification of Engineer A Despite Franchiser Instruction
Engineer B's faithful agent duty to the franchiser was bounded by Engineer B's independent professional obligation...
Client Confidentiality Instruction Peer Review Notification Non-Override Constraint
Ethical constraint establishing that a client's explicit instruction to a reviewing engineer to maintain...
Peer Review Preliminary Results Incumbent Disclosure Constraint
Ethical and professional constraint requiring that a licensed professional engineer who has completed a peer review...
Peer Review Successor Contract Incumbent Contract Expiry Prerequisite Constraint
Ethical constraint establishing that a licensed professional engineer who has been retained to conduct a peer review...
Client Motive Inquiry Pre-Engagement Confidentiality Instruction Constraint
Ethical and professional constraint requiring that a licensed professional engineer who receives a client...
Faithful Agent Duty Peer Review Collegial Obligation Boundary Constraint
Ethical constraint establishing that a licensed professional engineer's duty to act as a faithful agent and trustee...
Trustee Term General Loyalty Non-Fiduciary Interpretation Constraint
Interpretive and ethical constraint establishing that the term 'trustee' as used in NSPE Code Section II.4 -...
Engineer Relations Code Provision Client Need Balancing Constraint
Meta-ethical and regulatory constraint establishing that provisions of the NSPE Code of Ethics governing relations...
Engineer B Faithful Agent Client Non-Disclosure Instruction Compliance Constraint Instance
Once the franchiser explicitly instructed Engineer B not to disclose Engineer B's review engagement to Engineer A,...
Faithful Agent Client Instruction Non-Disclosure - Engineer B Obligation to Follow Franchiser Confidentiality Instruction
Engineer B, as faithful agent and trustee of the franchiser, was constrained by the franchiser's explicit...
Post-Peer-Review Insider Knowledge State-Law-Variable Conflict Assessment - Engineer B Successor Design Engineering Engagement
Engineer B was required to assess whether accepting the successor design engineering contract from the franchiser -...
Peer Review Notification Timing Reasonableness - One-Week Delay Between Engineer B Engagement and Notification to Engineer A
Engineer B was constrained to notify Engineer A of the peer review engagement within a reasonable time - ideally...
Trustee Term General Loyalty Non-Fiduciary Interpretation - BER Case 93-3
The term 'trustee' in NSPE Code Section II.4 must be interpreted as a general duty of loyalty and fair dealing - not...
Engineer Relations Code Provision Client Need Balancing - BER Case 93-3
The Board's application of NSPE Code provisions governing relations among engineers in BER Case 93-3 was constrained...
Incumbent Engineer Knowledge Requirement - Engineer A Engineer B Franchiser Review
Engineer B was constrained from reviewing Engineer A's pending design work for the franchiser without Engineer A's...
30 entities
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