Provenance
Draft
PASS 1: Contextual Framework Facts Section
Case 118: Protest of Low Fee Proposal
R Roles
0
Classes
0
Individuals
S States
0
Classes
0
Individuals
Rs Resources
1
Classes
7
Individuals
Extracted Ontology Entities
8 RDF entities extracted organized by concept type
R Roles
No new roles were extracted for this section.
The extraction did not find any roles to add. This typically means the case text doesn't contain relevant roles for this section, or extraction hasn't been run yet.
Existing Roles in Ontology (524)
These roles already exist in OntServe. When extraction runs, individuals may reference these existing classes.
AE Firm Recruiting Former Public Official
A private architectural-engineering firm stakeholder role in which the firm recr...
A private architectural-engineering firm stakeholder role in which the firm recr...
AI-Assisted Engineering Practitioner
A licensed professional engineering role that employs artificial intelligence to...
A licensed professional engineering role that employs artificial intelligence to...
Absolute Conflict Prohibition Public Service Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer holds a public ser...
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer holds a public ser...
Adjacent Third-Party Property Owner Stakeholder
A stakeholder role filled by a property owner whose property and associated cons...
A stakeholder role filled by a property owner whose property and associated cons...
Adversarial Litigation Testing Supervisor Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer is retained by one...
A licensed professional engineering role in which an engineer is retained by one...
Adversely Affected Highway Route Citizens Client
A stakeholder group of private citizens who believe they will be negatively impa...
A stakeholder group of private citizens who believe they will be negatively impa...
Affected Community
A community stakeholder role representing members of the public whose primary dr...
A community stakeholder role representing members of the public whose primary dr...
Affected Property Owner Stakeholder
A stakeholder role filled by private property owners whose properties experience...
A stakeholder role filled by private property owners whose properties experience...
Ambiguous Data Omitting Research Engineer
A professional engineering role in which an engineer conducting graduate or tech...
A professional engineering role in which an engineer conducting graduate or tech...
Anonymous Professional Conduct Complaint Filer Engineer
A licensed professional engineer who, upon observing what appears to be a seriou...
A licensed professional engineer who, upon observing what appears to be a seriou...
As-Built Information Custodian Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role within a public agency responsible for ...
A licensed professional engineering role within a public agency responsible for ...
Assistant City Engineer
A licensed professional engineering role within a municipal engineering departme...
A licensed professional engineering role within a municipal engineering departme...
...and 512 more
S States
No new states were extracted for this section.
The extraction did not find any states to add. This typically means the case text doesn't contain relevant states for this section, or extraction hasn't been run yet.
Existing States in Ontology (606)
These states already exist in OntServe. When extraction runs, individuals may reference these existing classes.
Absence of Confidentiality Agreement Affecting Disclosure Obligation State
State in which no explicit confidentiality agreement exists between the engineer...
State in which no explicit confidentiality agreement exists between the engineer...
Absent Formal As-Built Disclosure Process State
State in which a public agency lacks a formal, standardized process for includin...
State in which a public agency lacks a formal, standardized process for includin...
Absent Post-Remediation Inspection Protocol State
State in which infrastructure has been partially remediated and reopened but no ...
State in which infrastructure has been partially remediated and reopened but no ...
Absolute Loyalty Prohibition Boundary Determination State
State in which a professional engineer's post-engagement obligations to a former...
State in which a professional engineer's post-engagement obligations to a former...
Abstention-Based Conflict Mitigation Adequacy State
State in which an engineer serving in a dual public-commission and private-pract...
State in which an engineer serving in a dual public-commission and private-pract...
Accessory Liability Through Inaction on Known Regulatory Violation State
State in which a professional engineer is aware of a pattern of ongoing disregar...
State in which a professional engineer is aware of a pattern of ongoing disregar...
Acknowledged Error Uncorrected After Reasonable Period State
State in which a professional or firm has acknowledged an error in a public-faci...
State in which a professional or firm has acknowledged an error in a public-faci...
Active Client Solicitation During Continued Employment State
State in which an engineer, while still actively employed by and receiving compe...
State in which an engineer, while still actively employed by and receiving compe...
Address-Licensure Jurisdiction Mismatch State
State in which a professional engineer's business card or professional materials...
State in which a professional engineer's business card or professional materials...
Adjacent Domain Dual Employment Latent Conflict State
State in which a professional engineer simultaneously holds a government positio...
State in which a professional engineer simultaneously holds a government positio...
Adjacent Property Safety Observation Without Client Relationship State
State in which a licensed professional engineer, while performing construction o...
State in which a licensed professional engineer, while performing construction o...
Adjacent Role Competence Self-Assessment Without Demonstrated Track Record State
State in which a professional believes in good faith that they possess sufficien...
State in which a professional believes in good faith that they possess sufficien...
...and 594 more
Rs Resources
Resources Classes
1Engineering Fee Adequacy Standard
rdfs:subClassOf Resources
New
C118
Definition
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the submission of engineering fee proposals that are adequate to support competent professional performance, including the prohibition on submitting unrealistically low price proposals that would foreseeably result in inadequate design, compromised public safety, or higher long-term costs to the public.
Properties
Text References:
"the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
"the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
Confidence:
0.82
Importance:
high
Resource Category:
professional_code
Authority Source:
NSPE Code of Ethics; professional engineering society guidance on fee competition
Extensional Function:
Establishes the minimum ethical threshold for fee proposals in engineering services procurement, grounding the principle that engineers must not compete on price in ways that undermine professional quality or public safety.
Usage Context:
- Engineering services procurement
- Competitive fee proposal evaluation
- Public safety in design adequacy
- Ethics of low-ball bidding
[facts] "the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
Available Resources Classes in OntServe
232
These resources classes already exist in the shared ontology.
Adversarial Proceeding Conflict of Interest Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to disclose and manage confl...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to disclose and manage confl...
Agent-Trustee Distinction Framework
A conceptual framework distinguishing between an engineer acting as an agent (following client instr...
A conceptual framework distinguishing between an engineer acting as an agent (following client instr...
Agent-Trustee Loyalty Obligation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the scope and limits of an engineer's duty of l...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the scope and limits of an engineer's duty of l...
AI Software Usage Disclosure Standard
Emerging professional norms and guidelines governing the disclosure of artificial intelligence tools...
Emerging professional norms and guidelines governing the disclosure of artificial intelligence tools...
Air Pollution Emissions Permit Standard
Federal and state regulatory requirements governing the issuance of construction and operating permi...
Federal and state regulatory requirements governing the issuance of construction and operating permi...
Anonymous Ethics Complaint Policy
Professional norms and policy guidance governing whether engineers may or should file anonymous comp...
Professional norms and policy guidance governing whether engineers may or should file anonymous comp...
ANSI B11 Machine Safety
Fundamental machinery safety standard for manufacturing and industrial applications
Fundamental machinery safety standard for manufacturing and industrial applications
ANSI Z359 Fall Protection
Critical safety standard for construction and industrial engineering
Critical safety standard for construction and industrial engineering
Antitrust Legal Precedent
Court rulings and Department of Justice actions that constrain professional society codes and establ...
Court rulings and Department of Justice actions that constrain professional society codes and establ...
As-Built Drawing Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which engineers in public-...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which engineers in public-...
At-Will Employment Ethics Analogy Framework
A professional reasoning framework that draws an analogy between the employer's right to terminate a...
A professional reasoning framework that draws an analogy between the employer's right to terminate a...
Autonomous Vehicle Ethical Decision Framework
A structured framework or methodology for analyzing the ethical trade-offs embedded in autonomous ve...
A structured framework or methodology for analyzing the ethical trade-offs embedded in autonomous ve...
Autonomous Vehicle Safety Standard
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the safety design, ri...
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the safety design, ri...
BER Case Precedent
Documented case decisions from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review providing precedential ethical reaso...
Documented case decisions from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review providing precedential ethical reaso...
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Safety Standard
Technical codes and standards governing the design, fabrication, inspection, and safety requirements...
Technical codes and standards governing the design, fabrication, inspection, and safety requirements...
Bridge Inspection Reporting Standard
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the documentation, co...
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the documentation, co...
Bridge Structural Repair Authorization Standard
Professional norms and regulatory requirements governing the authorization process for structural re...
Professional norms and regulatory requirements governing the authorization process for structural re...
Bridge Structural Safety Closure Standard
Professional norms and regulatory requirements governing the authority and obligation of engineers t...
Professional norms and regulatory requirements governing the authority and obligation of engineers t...
Building Code Inspection Adequacy Standard
Professional norms and regulatory standards governing the minimum requirements for adequate building...
Professional norms and regulatory standards governing the minimum requirements for adequate building...
Building Structural Safety Investigation Standard
Professional norms and technical standards governing the conduct of structural safety investigations...
Professional norms and technical standards governing the conduct of structural safety investigations...
Business Card Licensure Representation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accurate representation of licensure status...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accurate representation of licensure status...
CADD Document Sealing Practice Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the signing and sealing of engineering document...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the signing and sealing of engineering document...
Case Precedent
Concrete instances that exemplify principle application
Concrete instances that exemplify principle application
Certificate of Authority to Practice Engineering Standard
State-level legal and regulatory requirement that engineering firms operating across state lines obt...
State-level legal and regulatory requirement that engineering firms operating across state lines obt...
Certificate of Occupancy Regulatory Framework
Legal and regulatory framework governing the issuance of certificates of occupancy by building offic...
Legal and regulatory framework governing the issuance of certificates of occupancy by building offic...
City Infrastructure Design Standard
Municipal technical specifications and design criteria that infrastructure within private developmen...
Municipal technical specifications and design criteria that infrastructure within private developmen...
Client Confidentiality vs. Public Safety Balancing Framework
A professional ethics framework governing how engineers must balance their duty of confidentiality t...
A professional ethics framework governing how engineers must balance their duty of confidentiality t...
Client Proprietary Rights Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations recognizing the proprietary rights of clients to have exc...
Professional norms and ethical obligations recognizing the proprietary rights of clients to have exc...
Climate Resilience Infrastructure Policy
Municipal or governmental policies mandating that new infrastructure projects incorporate climate ch...
Municipal or governmental policies mandating that new infrastructure projects incorporate climate ch...
Climate-Adjusted Hydraulic Design Standard
Emerging professional norms, technical guidance, and analytical procedures governing the incorporati...
Emerging professional norms, technical guidance, and analytical procedures governing the incorporati...
Coastal Hazard and Storm Surge Design Standard
Professional norms, technical guidance, and analytical procedures governing the design of coastal re...
Professional norms, technical guidance, and analytical procedures governing the design of coastal re...
Code of Ethics Organizational Application Directive
An authoritative directive or interpretive note issued by the NSPE Board of Directors clarifying tha...
An authoritative directive or interpretive note issued by the NSPE Board of Directors clarifying tha...
Collegial Notification Before Reporting Standard
Professional norms establishing that when an engineer becomes aware of a potential violation by a pr...
Professional norms establishing that when an engineer becomes aware of a potential violation by a pr...
Commercial Engineering Software Competence Substitute
A commercial software product marketed to engineers as enabling practice in unfamiliar or unqualifie...
A commercial software product marketed to engineers as enabling practice in unfamiliar or unqualifie...
Competitor Conduct in Procurement Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers who are approached by ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers who are approached by ...
Conflict of Interest Disclosure Standard in Recommendation Contexts
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to fully disclose all viable...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to fully disclose all viable...
Conflict of Interest Disqualification Standard
Professional norms, ethical codes, and procedural rules governing when a public official or reviewin...
Professional norms, ethical codes, and procedural rules governing when a public official or reviewin...
Conflicting Expert Report Standard
Professional norms governing the ethical obligations of engineers when a subsequent expert report co...
Professional norms governing the ethical obligations of engineers when a subsequent expert report co...
Constructability Review and Contractor Consultation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which design engineers may...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which design engineers may...
Constructability Review Standard
Professional practice norms governing the optional or recommended use of constructability reviews, i...
Professional practice norms governing the optional or recommended use of constructability reviews, i...
Construction Contract Safety Allocation Standard
Standard contractual provisions, particularly from the Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee ...
Standard contractual provisions, particularly from the Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee ...
Construction Safety Knowledge Standard
Professional norms and educational standards governing the expected scope of construction safety kno...
Professional norms and educational standards governing the expected scope of construction safety kno...
Construction Scaffolding Safety Standard
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the design, erection,...
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the design, erection,...
Consumer Product Safety Testing Standard
General and standard product safety-testing policies, procedures, and national standards governing t...
General and standard product safety-testing policies, procedures, and national standards governing t...
Contractor License Revocation Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to disclose the revocation o...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to disclose the revocation o...
Cooling-Off Period Framework
A professional practice framework specifying an embargo or waiting period (typically one year) durin...
A professional practice framework specifying an embargo or waiting period (typically one year) durin...
County Surveyor Licensure Ordinance
A local government ordinance specifying that the position of county surveyor must be filled by a lic...
A local government ordinance specifying that the position of county surveyor must be filled by a lic...
Decision Tool
Structured approaches for ethical analysis
Structured approaches for ethical analysis
Defense Procurement Specification Compliance Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing engineers employed by defense contractors or su...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing engineers employed by defense contractors or su...
Design Alternative Exploration Standard
Professional norms governing the obligation of engineers to explore and evaluate alternative design ...
Professional norms governing the obligation of engineers to explore and evaluate alternative design ...
Disability Disclosure Employment Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and how engineers are required or permi...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and how engineers are required or permi...
Disproportionate Impact Analysis Framework
A professional methodology for identifying, evaluating, and creatively mitigating the disproportiona...
A professional methodology for identifying, evaluating, and creatively mitigating the disproportiona...
DOT Utility Betterment Policy
State Department of Transportation administrative policies governing the allocation of costs between...
State Department of Transportation administrative policies governing the allocation of costs between...
Drinking Water Safety Regulation
Federal, state, or local regulatory standards governing safe levels of contaminants in public drinki...
Federal, state, or local regulatory standards governing safe levels of contaminants in public drinki...
Dual Public-Private Employment Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers who simultaneously hol...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers who simultaneously hol...
Eminent Domain Legal Framework
Legal framework governing the authority of governmental entities to compel the acquisition of privat...
Legal framework governing the authority of governmental entities to compel the acquisition of privat...
Engineer Bid Evaluation Obligation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer-contractor's duty to carefully eval...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer-contractor's duty to carefully eval...
Engineer Citizen Action Standard
Professional norms and ethical guidance governing the conditions under which an engineer, having ful...
Professional norms and ethical guidance governing the conditions under which an engineer, having ful...
Engineer Civic Service Obligation Standard
A professional ethics standard obligating engineers to seek opportunities to provide constructive se...
A professional ethics standard obligating engineers to seek opportunities to provide constructive se...
Engineer Competence Scope Standard
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions establishing that engineers must perform services only w...
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions establishing that engineers must perform services only w...
Engineer Confidentiality and Loyalty Obligation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to protect confidential and ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to protect confidential and ...
Engineer Departure and Competition Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the rights and limits applicable when an engine...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the rights and limits applicable when an engine...
Engineer Dissent Framework
A professional ethics framework governing the conditions under which an engineer may ethically refus...
A professional ethics framework governing the conditions under which an engineer may ethically refus...
Engineer Employer Loyalty vs. Professional Judgment Standard
Professional norms and ethical principles governing the tension between an engineer's duty of loyalt...
Professional norms and ethical principles governing the tension between an engineer's duty of loyalt...
Engineer Impartiality in Dispute Resolution Standard
Professional norms and contractual provisions establishing the engineer's role as an impartial initi...
Professional norms and contractual provisions establishing the engineer's role as an impartial initi...
Engineer Incapacity and Delegation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of licensed engineers who experienc...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of licensed engineers who experienc...
Engineer Liability Indemnification Contract Standard
Professional norms and contractual standards governing the permissibility and ethical implications o...
Professional norms and contractual standards governing the permissibility and ethical implications o...
Engineer License Revocation Risk Advisory
Formal or informal guidance issued by a state engineering registration board advising a licensed eng...
Formal or informal guidance issued by a state engineering registration board advising a licensed eng...
Engineer Notification Right in Review Contexts
Professional norms establishing the right of an engineer whose work is subject to peer review or ind...
Professional norms establishing the right of an engineer whose work is subject to peer review or ind...
Engineer Openness and Transparency Norm
The widely-held professional philosophy among engineers that their role is to be open, aboveboard, a...
The widely-held professional philosophy among engineers that their role is to be open, aboveboard, a...
Engineer Professional Criticism Conduct Standard
Professional norms governing the ethical conditions under which engineers may publicly criticize the...
Professional norms governing the ethical conditions under which engineers may publicly criticize the...
Engineer Professional Independence Standard
Professional norms and ethical principles affirming that engineers must maintain individual professi...
Professional norms and ethical principles affirming that engineers must maintain individual professi...
Engineer Public Advocacy Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical guidance governing an engineer's right and obligation to engage in pu...
Professional norms and ethical guidance governing an engineer's right and obligation to engage in pu...
Engineer Public Safety Escalation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to escalate public health...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to escalate public health...
Engineer Regulatory Compliance Certification Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's act of formally certifying compli...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's act of formally certifying compli...
Engineer Reporting Obligation to Licensing Board Standard
State licensing board rules and professional norms establishing the affirmative duty of licensed eng...
State licensing board rules and professional norms establishing the affirmative duty of licensed eng...
Engineer Reporting Obligation to State Board Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to report known or suspec...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to report known or suspec...
Engineer Safety Recommendation Rejection Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers when a client or owner...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers when a client or owner...
Engineer Selective Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which an engineer presenti...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which an engineer presenti...
Engineer Solicitation and Competition Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing how engineers may ethically solicit work, compe...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing how engineers may ethically solicit work, compe...
Engineer Specialist Retention Obligation Standard
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions (formerly Section 6) establishing that engineers must un...
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions (formerly Section 6) establishing that engineers must un...
Engineer Stamped Document Responsibility Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's ongoing responsibility for work t...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's ongoing responsibility for work t...
Engineer Supplanting Prohibition Standard
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions (formerly Section 11(a)) prohibiting an engineer from at...
Professional norms and NSPE Code provisions (formerly Section 11(a)) prohibiting an engineer from at...
Engineering Factual Basis Requirement Standard
A professional ethics standard requiring engineers to insist on the use of facts — even when intermi...
A professional ethics standard requiring engineers to insist on the use of facts — even when intermi...
Engineering Fee Adequacy Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the submission of engineering fee proposals tha...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the submission of engineering fee proposals tha...
Engineering Intern Supervision Standard
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the required level of su...
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the required level of su...
Engineering Licensure Law
State statutory provisions defining the legal scope of engineering practice, establishing licensure ...
State statutory provisions defining the legal scope of engineering practice, establishing licensure ...
Engineering Study Prerequisite Statute
State statutory provisions requiring that a formal engineering study be conducted and completed befo...
State statutory provisions requiring that a formal engineering study be conducted and completed befo...
Engineering Title Usage Standard
Professional norms, statutory provisions, and regulatory standards governing the lawful and accurate...
Professional norms, statutory provisions, and regulatory standards governing the lawful and accurate...
Environmental Compliance Standard
Local, state, or regional environmental regulations requiring protective measures for public water s...
Local, state, or regional environmental regulations requiring protective measures for public water s...
Environmental Impact Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to include all material e...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to include all material e...
Environmental Justice Policy
Federal, state, and local policies, executive orders, and agency guidance requiring that infrastruct...
Federal, state, and local policies, executive orders, and agency guidance requiring that infrastruct...
EPA Solid Waste Disposal Guideline
Federal regulatory guidelines published by the Environmental Protection Agency defining health and e...
Federal regulatory guidelines published by the Environmental Protection Agency defining health and e...
Ethics Complaint Disclosure Standard
Professional norms governing whether and to what extent a professional engineer is ethically obligat...
Professional norms governing whether and to what extent a professional engineer is ethically obligat...
Expert Interpretation
Professional consensus on principle application in edge cases
Professional consensus on principle application in edge cases
Expert Witness Conflict of Interest Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers serving as expert witness...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers serving as expert witness...
Expert Witness Licensure Requirement
State statutory provisions specifying licensure requirements for engineers who provide expert testim...
State statutory provisions specifying licensure requirements for engineers who provide expert testim...
Expert Witness Non-Engineering Services Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which a licensed engineer ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which a licensed engineer ...
Federal A/E Selection Law
Federal statutory framework (Brooks Act) mandating qualification-based selection procedures for arch...
Federal statutory framework (Brooks Act) mandating qualification-based selection procedures for arch...
Federal Grant Project Engineering Obligation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing engineers working on publicly funded projects t...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing engineers working on publicly funded projects t...
Fee Adequacy and Bait-and-Switch Deception Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing that engineering fees must be adequate to su...
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing that engineering fees must be adequate to su...
Fire Protection Engineering Practice Standard
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the practice of fire ...
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the practice of fire ...
Firm Personnel Roster Accuracy Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations requiring engineering firms to maintain accurate and curr...
Professional norms and ethical obligations requiring engineering firms to maintain accurate and curr...
First Amendment Professional Code Constraint
U.S. Supreme Court First Amendment rulings that constrained professional society codes of ethics by ...
U.S. Supreme Court First Amendment rulings that constrained professional society codes of ethics by ...
Floodplain Compliance Standard
Regulatory and technical standards governing whether a construction site falls within a designated f...
Regulatory and technical standards governing whether a construction site falls within a designated f...
Foreign Business Payments Permissibility Law
National or domestic legal frameworks that explicitly permit, and in some cases provide tax deductio...
National or domestic legal frameworks that explicitly permit, and in some cases provide tax deductio...
Foreign Official Gift-Giving Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from offering personal gifts, payme...
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from offering personal gifts, payme...
Forensic Engineering Credential Standard
Professional norms, certification frameworks, and ethical obligations governing the use of forensic ...
Professional norms, certification frameworks, and ethical obligations governing the use of forensic ...
Forensic Engineering Expert Completeness Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers serving as forensic exper...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers serving as forensic exper...
Forensic Engineering Report Integrity Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accuracy, completeness, and post-submission...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accuracy, completeness, and post-submission...
Freedom of Information Act Legal Framework
State and federal statutory provisions granting the public and private parties the right to request ...
State and federal statutory provisions granting the public and private parties the right to request ...
Government Agency Confidential Information Access Policy
Policies and professional norms governing the access to, use of, and obligations regarding confident...
Policies and professional norms governing the access to, use of, and obligations regarding confident...
Government Procurement Contact List Integrity Standard
Professional norms and procedural rules governing the integrity of government agency solicitation li...
Professional norms and procedural rules governing the integrity of government agency solicitation li...
Grandfathering Clause Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which an engineer in a pub...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which an engineer in a pub...
Green Infrastructure Design Standard
Professional norms, technical benchmarks, and emerging standards governing the incorporation of sust...
Professional norms, technical benchmarks, and emerging standards governing the incorporation of sust...
Grid Reliability and Utility Resource Planning Report
Technical assessments and communications from electric utility resource planners regarding generatio...
Technical assessments and communications from electric utility resource planners regarding generatio...
Hazardous Material Euphemistic Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from characterizing identified or s...
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from characterizing identified or s...
Hazardous Waste Regulatory Notification Standard
Federal and state legal requirements mandating that parties who identify or handle materials classif...
Federal and state legal requirements mandating that parties who identify or handle materials classif...
Highway Work Zone Traffic Safety Standard
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the protection of wor...
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the protection of wor...
Historic Property Impact Assessment Standard
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the identification, e...
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and technical standards governing the identification, e...
Home Inspection Report Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to protect client confidenti...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to protect client confidenti...
Hydrogeological Impact Study
A scientific study or technical report assessing the hydrological and geological effects of proposed...
A scientific study or technical report assessing the hydrological and geological effects of proposed...
IEC 60950 IT Equipment Safety
Fundamental safety standard for IT and electronics equipment
Fundamental safety standard for IT and electronics equipment
IEC 61508 Functional Safety
Foundation standard for safety-critical electrical and electronic systems
Foundation standard for safety-critical electrical and electronic systems
IEC 62304 Medical Device Software
Critical standard for medical device software safety and effectiveness
Critical standard for medical device software safety and effectiveness
IEEE Std 603 Nuclear Safety Systems
Fundamental safety standard for nuclear engineering applications
Fundamental safety standard for nuclear engineering applications
Incomplete Disclosure to Supervisor Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers and engineering interns t...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers and engineering interns t...
Independent Engineering Review Standard
Professional norms and procedural standards governing the conduct of third-party independent enginee...
Professional norms and procedural standards governing the conduct of third-party independent enginee...
Infrastructure Route Alternative Analysis Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to systematically identif...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to systematically identif...
Insurance Claim Engineering Assessment Integrity Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers retained by insurance ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineers retained by insurance ...
International Trade Agreement
Multilateral or bilateral legal agreements governing cross-border trade in goods and services, inclu...
Multilateral or bilateral legal agreements governing cross-border trade in goods and services, inclu...
ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems
Environmental management standard with significant ethical implications for engineering projects
Environmental management standard with significant ethical implications for engineering projects
ISO 26262 Automotive Functional Safety
Critical standard for automotive safety systems and autonomous vehicles
Critical standard for automotive safety systems and autonomous vehicles
ISO 27001 Information Security Management
Critical cybersecurity standard for protecting information assets in engineering systems
Critical cybersecurity standard for protecting information assets in engineering systems
ISO 45001 Occupational Health and Safety
Critical safety standard for protecting workers and the public
Critical safety standard for protecting workers and the public
ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems
Fundamental quality management standard applicable to all engineering disciplines
Fundamental quality management standard applicable to all engineering disciplines
Joint Venture Equal Amendment Opportunity Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the fairness of allowing competing joint ventur...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the fairness of allowing competing joint ventur...
Justification
A rationale, argument, or evidence artifact supporting a decision or interpretation in an ethical ca...
A rationale, argument, or evidence artifact supporting a decision or interpretation in an ethical ca...
Landfill Design and Siting Standard
State environmental regulations and professional norms governing the design, siting, final contours,...
State environmental regulations and professional norms governing the design, siting, final contours,...
Leaking Underground Storage Tank Database
A state environmental agency database tracking reportable leaks and spills from underground fuel sto...
A state environmental agency database tracking reportable leaks and spills from underground fuel sto...
Legal Deposition Conduct Standard
Legal and professional norms governing the conduct of engineers during depositions and legal proceed...
Legal and professional norms governing the conduct of engineers during depositions and legal proceed...
Legal Reference Dictionary
An authoritative legal reference work providing definitions and interpretations of legal terms used ...
An authoritative legal reference work providing definitions and interpretations of legal terms used ...
Legal Resource
Legal framework constraining professional practice
Legal framework constraining professional practice
Local Development Regulation
Municipal or local government regulations specifying design standards and requirements for developme...
Municipal or local government regulations specifying design standards and requirements for developme...
Marketing Material Accuracy Correction Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations requiring engineering firms to take reasonable and expedi...
Professional norms and ethical obligations requiring engineering firms to take reasonable and expedi...
Measurement
A quantitative or qualitative assessment or evaluation
A quantitative or qualitative assessment or evaluation
Medical Device Safety Regulatory Framework
Federal regulatory standards, statutes, and agency oversight mechanisms governing the safety of medi...
Federal regulatory standards, statutes, and agency oversight mechanisms governing the safety of medi...
Methane Gas Migration and Groundwater Protection Standard
Environmental engineering standards and regulatory requirements governing the assessment and mitigat...
Environmental engineering standards and regulatory requirements governing the assessment and mitigat...
Military Physical Security Regulation
Detailed U.S. Army or Department of Defense regulations governing the physical security, storage, an...
Detailed U.S. Army or Department of Defense regulations governing the physical security, storage, an...
Minimum Product Quality Legislative Standard
Proposed or enacted legislative standards imposing minimum quality, durability, and efficiency requi...
Proposed or enacted legislative standards imposing minimum quality, durability, and efficiency requi...
Misrepresentation in Business Dealings Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from making false, misleading, or d...
Professional norms and ethical obligations prohibiting engineers from making false, misleading, or d...
Municipal Building Ordinance
A local government ordinance establishing construction or safety requirements applicable to building...
A local government ordinance establishing construction or safety requirements applicable to building...
Municipal Engineer Dual Role Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which a professional engin...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conditions under which a professional engin...
NCEES Model Rules
Model rules of professional conduct developed by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering a...
Model rules of professional conduct developed by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering a...
NIST SP 800-53 Security Controls
Comprehensive cybersecurity framework for critical infrastructure
Comprehensive cybersecurity framework for critical infrastructure
Non-Engineer Infrastructure Decision Override Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing the limits of authority that non-licensed pu...
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing the limits of authority that non-licensed pu...
Non-Engineer Supervisor Authority Limitation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing the limits of authority that non-licensed su...
Professional norms and ethical obligations establishing the limits of authority that non-licensed su...
NSPE Code of Ethics
The NSPE Code of Ethics for Engineers, comprising Fundamental Canons, Rules of Practice, and Profess...
The NSPE Code of Ethics for Engineers, comprising Fundamental Canons, Rules of Practice, and Profess...
NSPE Code Sustainable Development Provision
The specific provision added to the NSPE Code of Ethics (Section III.2.d.) in January 2006 and subse...
The specific provision added to the NSPE Code of Ethics (Section III.2.d.) in January 2006 and subse...
NSPE Position Statement
Official policy statements issued by the National Society of Professional Engineers that define key ...
Official policy statements issued by the National Society of Professional Engineers that define key ...
Out-of-Scope Safety Finding Reporting Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers who discover safety-criti...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers who discover safety-criti...
PE Examination Attempt Disclosure Standard
Professional norms governing the obligation of engineering candidates and interns to disclose prior ...
Professional norms governing the obligation of engineering candidates and interns to disclose prior ...
Peer Review Conduct Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineering peer reviews, includ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the conduct of engineering peer reviews, includ...
Peer Review Confidentiality Agreement
Contractual provisions or agreements governing the confidentiality of peer review findings, typicall...
Contractual provisions or agreements governing the confidentiality of peer review findings, typicall...
Peer Review Without Notification Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the prohibition on engineers reviewing the work...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the prohibition on engineers reviewing the work...
Personal Misconduct Ethics Standard
Professional norms establishing that personal misconduct unrelated to the direct practice of enginee...
Professional norms establishing that personal misconduct unrelated to the direct practice of enginee...
Plan Alteration Attribution Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the requirement that an engineer who modifies, ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the requirement that an engineer who modifies, ...
Pollution Liability Insurance Availability Standard
A professional and market-based standard reflecting the availability, scope, and adequacy of polluti...
A professional and market-based standard reflecting the availability, scope, and adequacy of polluti...
Post-Employment Client Solicitation Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing how engineers may ethically approach former emp...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing how engineers may ethically approach former emp...
Post-Peer-Review Procurement Conflict Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether an engineer or firm that has performed ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether an engineer or firm that has performed ...
Prime Professional Responsibility Standard
Professional norms governing the ethical obligations of a firm or engineer designated as the prime p...
Professional norms governing the ethical obligations of a firm or engineer designated as the prime p...
Professional Affiliation Personal Advantage Prohibition Standard
An ethical standard derived from professional codes prohibiting engineers from using their professio...
An ethical standard derived from professional codes prohibiting engineers from using their professio...
Professional Code
Distillations of collective experience that guide and justify actions
Distillations of collective experience that guide and justify actions
Professional Competence Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the requirement that engineers practice only wi...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the requirement that engineers practice only wi...
Professional Peer Independent Judgment Norm
A professional norm embodying the expectation that members of the engineering profession will exerci...
A professional norm embodying the expectation that members of the engineering profession will exerci...
Professional Report Integrity Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accuracy, completeness, and transparency of...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the accuracy, completeness, and transparency of...
Professional Responsibility Acknowledgment Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to accept responsibility ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the duty of engineers to accept responsibility ...
Professional Society Chapter Endorsement Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and how engineers may appropriately sol...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and how engineers may appropriately sol...
Professional vs. Sub-Professional Work Scope Distinction Framework
An interpretive framework articulating the boundary between professional engineering services (gover...
An interpretive framework articulating the boundary between professional engineering services (gover...
Project Delivery Method Framework
A structured framework defining and governing the approved methods by which engineering and construc...
A structured framework defining and governing the approved methods by which engineering and construc...
Public Contracting Threshold Requirement
Municipal or governmental rules specifying dollar-amount thresholds above which engineering contract...
Municipal or governmental rules specifying dollar-amount thresholds above which engineering contract...
Public Expenditure Integrity Whistleblowing Standard
Professional norms and ethical principles governing the conditions under which an engineer may or mu...
Professional norms and ethical principles governing the conditions under which an engineer may or mu...
Public Infrastructure Cost Allocation Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the proper allocation of infrastructure improve...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the proper allocation of infrastructure improve...
Public Interest Balancing Framework
A professional ethics framework governing how engineers must balance competing interests of multiple...
A professional ethics framework governing how engineers must balance competing interests of multiple...
Public Official Conflict of Interest Standard
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the conduct of engineers...
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the conduct of engineers...
Public Policy Statement Sponsorship Disclosure Standard
A professional ethics standard requiring engineers to disclose the identity of any private interest ...
A professional ethics standard requiring engineers to disclose the identity of any private interest ...
Public Procurement Fairness Standard
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the equitable treatment ...
Professional norms, ethical obligations, and regulatory standards governing the equitable treatment ...
Public Relations Professional Code
Formal codified ethics standards governing public relations professionals, including obligations for...
Formal codified ethics standards governing public relations professionals, including obligations for...
Public Safety Standards Hearing Participation Framework
The procedural and normative framework governing the conditions under which engineers may participat...
The procedural and normative framework governing the conditions under which engineers may participat...
Qualification Representation Standard
Professional norms governing the honest and accurate representation of a firm's or engineer's qualif...
Professional norms governing the honest and accurate representation of a firm's or engineer's qualif...
Qualification-Based Selection Procurement Law
State and local statutory provisions codified within professional engineering licensure laws that ma...
State and local statutory provisions codified within professional engineering licensure laws that ma...
Qualitative Risk Assessment
A structured professional methodology for estimating and communicating the likelihood and magnitude ...
A structured professional methodology for estimating and communicating the likelihood and magnitude ...
Reference Material
Supporting documentation for professional practice
Supporting documentation for professional practice
Regulatory Compliance Requirement
Local, state, or regional regulatory mandates specifying required safety features, design elements, ...
Local, state, or regional regulatory mandates specifying required safety features, design elements, ...
Regulatory Testimony Affiliation Disclosure Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to fully and accurately disc...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to fully and accurately disc...
Renewable Energy Transition Risk Assessment Standard
Professional norms and analytical standards governing the obligation of engineers to assess and disc...
Professional norms and analytical standards governing the obligation of engineers to assess and disc...
Resource
An information content entity that serves as a professional knowledge source for ethical decision-ma...
An information content entity that serves as a professional knowledge source for ethical decision-ma...
Responsible Charge Definition Standard
A formal regulatory or model-law definition of 'responsible charge' specifying the required level of...
A formal regulatory or model-law definition of 'responsible charge' specifying the required level of...
Revolving Door Employment Policy
Municipal or governmental policies, contractual provisions, or regulatory frameworks that restrict o...
Municipal or governmental policies, contractual provisions, or regulatory frameworks that restrict o...
Section 508 Accessibility Standards
Legal requirement ensuring equitable access to technology systems
Legal requirement ensuring equitable access to technology systems
Sequential Party Representation Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the propriety of an engineer serving as expert ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the propriety of an engineer serving as expert ...
Severe Weather Structural Design Standard
Published technical standards specifying structural design parameters and methods for buildings in a...
Published technical standards specifying structural design parameters and methods for buildings in a...
Signed and Sealed Report Integrity Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the inviolability of engineering reports that h...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the inviolability of engineering reports that h...
SOQ Amendment and Modification Procedure Standard
Professional norms, procedural rules, and ethical obligations governing whether and under what condi...
Professional norms, procedural rules, and ethical obligations governing whether and under what condi...
SOQ Submittal Deadline Compliance Standard
Professional norms, procedural rules, and ethical obligations governing the enforcement of statement...
Professional norms, procedural rules, and ethical obligations governing the enforcement of statement...
Specialized Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analysis Methodology
A structured technical methodology or study framework for predicting the combined effects of sea lev...
A structured technical methodology or study framework for predicting the combined effects of sea lev...
Sprinkler System Installation Standard
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the proper installati...
Technical standards, professional norms, and regulatory requirements governing the proper installati...
Standard
A documented agreement containing technical specifications or criteria for professional practice
A documented agreement containing technical specifications or criteria for professional practice
Standards Committee Conflict of Interest Framework
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the management of conflicts of interest arising...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the management of conflicts of interest arising...
State Licensing Board Rules of Professional Conduct
State-level regulatory rules governing professional engineering conduct, including standards for mar...
State-level regulatory rules governing professional engineering conduct, including standards for mar...
Stormwater Management Regulation
Local, state, or municipal regulations specifying quantitative stormwater runoff performance standar...
Local, state, or municipal regulations specifying quantitative stormwater runoff performance standar...
Structural Load Calculation Standard
Technical standards and methodologies governing the calculation of tributary loads, structural membe...
Technical standards and methodologies governing the calculation of tributary loads, structural membe...
Sub-Professional Services Bidding Ethics Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and under what conditions a licensed en...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing whether and under what conditions a licensed en...
Sustainable Development Ethics Provision
A formal provision within a professional code of ethics that encourages or requires engineers to adh...
A formal provision within a professional code of ethics that encourages or requires engineers to adh...
Sustainable Engineering Design Standard
Professional norms, technical benchmarks, and emerging standards governing the incorporation of gree...
Professional norms, technical benchmarks, and emerging standards governing the incorporation of gree...
Technical Standard
Collective professional agreement on technical acceptability
Collective professional agreement on technical acceptability
Threatened Species Protection Regulatory Framework
Federal and state regulatory frameworks governing the identification, protection, and consideration ...
Federal and state regulatory frameworks governing the identification, protection, and consideration ...
Traffic Engineering Safety Standard
Professional norms, technical specifications, and regulatory requirements governing the design, inst...
Professional norms, technical specifications, and regulatory requirements governing the design, inst...
Transitional Employment Ethics Framework
A professional ethics framework governing the ethical obligations and constraints applicable to engi...
A professional ethics framework governing the ethical obligations and constraints applicable to engi...
UN Sustainable Development Goals Framework
The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development comprising 17 interlinked global goals ad...
The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development comprising 17 interlinked global goals ad...
Underground Storage Tank Siting Standard
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and industry guidelines governing the placement and sit...
Professional norms, regulatory requirements, and industry guidelines governing the placement and sit...
Unlicensed Practice Reporting Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to report or respond when th...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing an engineer's duty to report or respond when th...
Unlicensed Technician Responsible Charge Assignment Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the impermissibility of assigning 'responsible ...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the impermissibility of assigning 'responsible ...
Verbal Promise in Public Procurement Standard
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the propriety of verbal commitments or promises...
Professional norms and ethical obligations governing the propriety of verbal commitments or promises...
Water Discharge Permit Regulation
State or regional regulatory framework governing the permitting process for industrial discharge of ...
State or regional regulatory framework governing the permitting process for industrial discharge of ...
Water Pollution Reporting Obligation Standard
State legal requirements mandating that engineers or responsible parties report conditions of actual...
State legal requirements mandating that engineers or responsible parties report conditions of actual...
Water Rights Adjudication Legal Framework
The legal and procedural framework governing water-rights analysis and court adjudication processes,...
The legal and procedural framework governing water-rights analysis and court adjudication processes,...
Wave Equation Pile Analysis Methodology
A structured technical methodology for analyzing pile driving resistance and load-bearing capacity u...
A structured technical methodology for analyzing pile driving resistance and load-bearing capacity u...
WCAG 2.1 Web Content Accessibility
International standard for web accessibility and inclusive design
International standard for web accessibility and inclusive design
Wetland Delineation Professional Practice Standard
Professional norms, technical methodologies, and regulatory guidance governing the conduct of wetlan...
Professional norms, technical methodologies, and regulatory guidance governing the conduct of wetlan...
Wetland Fill Permit Regulatory Framework
Federal and state laws, regulations, and permitting requirements governing the placement of fill mat...
Federal and state laws, regulations, and permitting requirements governing the placement of fill mat...
Whistleblower Protection Framework
Professional norms, ethical provisions, and legal protections governing engineers who disclose publi...
Professional norms, ethical provisions, and legal protections governing engineers who disclose publi...
Resources Individuals
7
C118
Text References:
"The agency procedure states that it is not required to accept the lowest price, but that price will be a factor in the selection decision."
"The agency announced its intention to award the contract to Firm A."
"Representatives of Firms B and C promptly filed protests with the agency"
"The agency procedure states that it is not required to accept the lowest price, but that price will be a factor in the selection decision."
"The agency announced its intention to award the contract to Firm A."
"Representatives of Firms B and C promptly filed protests with the agency"
Importance:
medium
Confidence:
0.84
Resource Class:
Public Procurement Fairness Standard
Document Title:
Professional Norms on Public Engineering Procurement Fairness
Created By:
Professional engineering community and procurement law
Used By:
State agency; Firms B and C in their protest
Used In Context:
Provides the framework for evaluating whether the agency's selection process — including the short-list, scope meeting, and price proposal procedure — was conducted fairly and whether the award to the lowest bidder is consistent with the stated procedure
[facts] "The agency procedure states that it is not required to accept the lowest price, but that price will be a factor in the selection decision."
changed
Qualification-Based-Selection-Procurement-Law-State
Qualification-Based Selection Procurement Law
C118
Text References:
"A state agency, operating under a new procedure for selection of engineering services, advertised its intention to retain an engineering firm for the design of a highway bridge."
"The agency procedure states that it is not required to accept the lowest price, but that price will be a factor in the selection decision."
"A state agency, operating under a new procedure for selection of engineering services, advertised its intention to retain an engineering firm for the design of a highway bridge."
"The agency procedure states that it is not required to accept the lowest price, but that price will be a factor in the selection decision."
Importance:
high
Confidence:
0.88
Resource Class:
Qualification-Based Selection Procurement Law
Document Title:
State Agency Procedure for Selection of Engineering Services
Created By:
State agency
Version:
New procedure at time of case
Used By:
State agency selection board; Firms A, B, and C
Used In Context:
Governs the procurement process under which all three firms submitted qualifications and price proposals; establishes that price is a factor but not the sole criterion, and that the agency is not required to accept the lowest price
[facts] "A state agency, operating under a new procedure for selection of engineering services, advertised its intention to retain an engineering firm for the design of a highway bridge."
New
C118
Text References:
"the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
"the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
Importance:
high
Confidence:
0.82
Resource Class:
Engineering Fee Adequacy Standard
Document Title:
Professional Norms on Adequate Engineering Fee Proposals
Created By:
NSPE and professional engineering community
Used By:
Firms B and C (protest); ethics review board
Used In Context:
Implicitly invoked by Firms B and C in arguing that Firm A's $50,000 proposal is so far below realistic costs as to foreseeably produce inadequate design and public safety risk; also relevant to evaluating whether Firm A acted ethically in submitting such a proposal
[facts] "the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance for the project that the result would most likely be an inadequate design, with higher construction an..."
changed
Competitor-Conduct-in-Procurement-Standard-BridgeCase
Competitor Conduct in Procurement Standard
C118
Text References:
"Representatives of Firms B and C promptly filed protests with the agency and called for a public hearing on the ground that the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper en..."
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
"Representatives of Firms B and C promptly filed protests with the agency and called for a public hearing on the ground that the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper en..."
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
Importance:
high
Confidence:
0.87
Resource Class:
Competitor Conduct in Procurement Standard
Document Title:
Professional Norms on Competitor Conduct in Engineering Procurement
Created By:
NSPE and professional engineering community
Used By:
Firms B and C; ethics review board evaluating their conduct
Used In Context:
Governs whether Firms B and C acted ethically in filing protests and demanding a public hearing challenging Firm A's award, including whether this constitutes improper disparagement of a competitor or legitimate professional advocacy
[facts] "Representatives of Firms B and C promptly filed protests with the agency and called for a public hearing on the ground that the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper en..."
C118
Text References:
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
"the engineer principals of Firms B and C counter that the engineer principals of Firm A have acted unethically in making their proposal under these circumstances"
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
"the engineer principals of Firms B and C counter that the engineer principals of Firm A have acted unethically in making their proposal under these circumstances"
Importance:
high
Confidence:
0.97
Resource Class:
Professional Code
Document Title:
NSPE Code of Ethics for Engineers
Created By:
National Society of Professional Engineers
Version:
Current at time of case
Used By:
All engineer principals (Firms A, B, and C); ethics review board
Used In Context:
Primary normative authority for evaluating the ethical conduct of all three firms — Firm A's low-ball proposal, and Firms B and C's protest and public hearing demand
[facts] "A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
changed
Engineer-Public-Safety-Escalation-Standard-BridgeCase
Engineer Public Safety Escalation Standard
C118
Text References:
"the possibility that the design could be unsafe and jeopardize the public health"
"called for a public hearing on the ground that the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance"
"the possibility that the design could be unsafe and jeopardize the public health"
"called for a public hearing on the ground that the proposal of Firm A was so out of line with realistic costs for proper engineering performance"
Importance:
high
Confidence:
0.88
Resource Class:
Engineer Public Safety Escalation Standard
Document Title:
Professional Norms on Engineer Duty to Escalate Public Safety Concerns
Created By:
NSPE and professional engineering community
Used By:
Firms B and C; ethics review board
Used In Context:
Supports the argument by Firms B and C that raising public safety concerns about an inadequate design — potentially jeopardizing public health — through a formal protest and public hearing is a professional duty, not unethical conduct
[facts] "the possibility that the design could be unsafe and jeopardize the public health"
changed
Engineer-Solicitation-Competition-Ethics-Standard-BridgeCase
Engineer Solicitation and Competition Ethics Standard
Text References:
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
"the engineer principals of Firms B and C counter that the engineer principals of Firm A have acted unethically in making their proposal under these circumstances"
"A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."
"the engineer principals of Firms B and C counter that the engineer principals of Firm A have acted unethically in making their proposal under these circumstances"
Importance:
medium
Confidence:
0.85
Resource Class:
Engineer Solicitation and Competition Ethics Standard
Document Title:
Professional Norms on Engineer Solicitation and Competition Ethics
Created By:
NSPE and professional engineering community
Used By:
All three firms; ethics review board
Used In Context:
Governs the ethical boundaries of competitive conduct for all three firms — whether Firm A's aggressive low-ball pricing and Firms B/C's protest actions fall within or outside ethical competitive behavior
[facts] "A principal of Firm A charges that the engineer principals of Firms B and C have acted unethically."