This page shows the pre-commit working store (the raw extraction under review). This case was committed to OntServe on 2026-07-25 14:27; the committed record differs by design (deduplication, typing, and agent binding are applied at commit). View the committed record
Overview
Provenance Draft

PASS 3: Temporal Dynamics

Case 72: Public Welfare - Knowledge of Information Damaging to Client's Interest

32 entities 6 actions 4 events 8 causal chains 13 temporal relations
Timeline Overview
Action Event 10 sequenced markers
Verbal Advisory of Findings After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report
Adverse Findings Discovery After completion of Doe's studies, before any written report
Consultant Engagement After receiving the 60-day permit notice from the State Pollution Control Authority
Regulatory Permit Notification Beginning of case, 60 days before permit deadline
Contract Termination Subsequent to Doe's verbal advice of his findings
Report Suppression Instruction At the time of contract termination, following Doe's verbal advice
Public Hearing Testimony At the public hearing called by the authority, after termination of Doe's contract
Authority Notification Upon learning that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ presented contrary data
Public Hearing Called After Doe's contract termination
Hearing Testimony Awareness After contract termination and report suppression, following the public hearing
OWL-Time Temporal Structure 13 relations time: = w3.org/2006/time
Authority's notification to XYZ (60-day permit requirement and minimum standards) time:intervalBefore XYZ's employment of Engineer Doe
Authority's notification to XYZ time:intervalStarts 60-day permit application window
Doe's engineering studies time:intervalDuring Doe's consulting contract with XYZ
completion of Doe's studies time:intervalBefore Doe's conclusion that the discharge will violate established standards
Doe's conclusion about the discharge time:intervalBefore completion of any written report
Doe's conclusion about the discharge time:intervalBefore Doe's verbal advice to XYZ
Doe's verbal advice to XYZ time:intervalBefore XYZ's termination of Doe's contract with full payment
XYZ's termination of Doe's contract time:intervalEquals XYZ's instruction to Doe not to render a written report
termination of Doe's contract and instruction not to report time:intervalBefore Doe learning of the public hearing
authority calling the public hearing time:intervalBefore Doe learning of the hearing
XYZ's presentation of data claiming compliance time:intervalDuring the public hearing
Doe learning of the hearing and XYZ's testimony time:intervalMeets Doe's obligation to take further action to notify proper authorities
Doe's verbal advice to XYZ time:intervalDuring Doe's fulfillment of duties as faithful agent under §§1 and 1(c)
Extracted Actions (6)
Volitional professional decisions with intentions and ethical context

Description: XYZ Corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report intended to support its discharge permit application to the State Pollution Control Authority.

Temporal Marker: After receiving the 60-day permit notice from the State Pollution Control Authority instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (1)
  • Client-Engineer Engagement

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: Convince the authority that the receiving body of water will still meet established environmental standards after receiving the manufacturing wastes

Required Capabilities:
Contracting for engineering services
Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • requiresCapability: Contracting for engineering services
  • initiates: Client-Engineer Engagement
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: XYZ Corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report intended to support its discharge permit application to the State Pollution Control Authority.
  • hasAgent content: XYZ Corporation
  • temporalMarker content: After receiving the 60-day permit notice from the State Pollution Control Authority
  • eventRoleContext content: Client
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: Convince the authority that the receiving body of water will still meet established environmental standards after receiving the manufacturing wastes
  • textReferences content: the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 2
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Consultant_Engagement",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.315840+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "XYZ Corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report intended to support its discharge permit application to the State Pollution Control Authority.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Client",
  "proeth:hasAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Client-Engineer Engagement"
  ],
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "Convince the authority that the receiving body of water will still meet established environmental standards after receiving the manufacturing wastes",
  "proeth:requiresCapability": [
    "Contracting for engineering services"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "After receiving the 60-day permit notice from the State Pollution Control Authority",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 2,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report"
  ],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Consultant Engagement"
}

Description: After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards, that correction will be very costly, and verbally advises XYZ of these findings.

Temporal Marker: After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (1)
  • Client Awareness of Standards Violation

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: Inform the client that the project will not meet established standards and that corrective action will be very costly

Obligation Engagement:
Fulfills (2)
  • Faithful Agent Duty
  • Duty to Advise Client of Project Failure
Guided By Principles:
  • Faithful Agent or Trustee Principle
Required Capabilities:
Engineering study and analysis Professional judgment
Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • fulfillsObligation: Faithful Agent Duty; Duty to Advise Client of Project Failure
  • guidedByPrinciple: Faithful Agent or Trustee Principle
  • requiresCapability: Engineering study and analysis; Professional judgment
  • initiates: Client Awareness of Standards Violation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards, that correction will be very costly, and verbally advises XYZ of these findings.
  • hasAgent content: Engineer Doe
  • temporalMarker content: After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report
  • eventRoleContext content: Consulting Engineer
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: Inform the client that the project will not meet established standards and that corrective action will be very costly
  • textReferences content: Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards; Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 4
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Verbal_Advisory_of_Findings",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.315980+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards, that correction will be very costly, and verbally advises XYZ of these findings.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Consulting Engineer",
  "proeth:fulfillsObligation": [
    "Faithful Agent Duty",
    "Duty to Advise Client of Project Failure"
  ],
  "proeth:guidedByPrinciple": [
    "Faithful Agent or Trustee Principle"
  ],
  "proeth:hasAgent": "Engineer Doe",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Client Awareness of Standards Violation"
  ],
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "Inform the client that the project will not meet established standards and that corrective action will be very costly",
  "proeth:raisesObligation": [],
  "proeth:requiresCapability": [
    "Engineering study and analysis",
    "Professional judgment"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 4,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards",
    "Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings"
  ],
  "proeth:violatesObligation": [],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Verbal Advisory of Findings"
}

Description: Following Doe's verbal advice, XYZ Corporation terminates its contract with Doe while paying in full for services performed. The board presumes this business decision is permitted by the terms of the engineering services contract.

Temporal Marker: Subsequent to Doe's verbal advice of his findings instant

Fluent Transitions:
Terminates (1)
  • Client-Engineer Engagement

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: End the consulting engagement before a written report is produced

Required Capabilities:
Contract administration
Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • requiresCapability: Contract administration
  • terminates: Client-Engineer Engagement
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: Following Doe's verbal advice, XYZ Corporation terminates its contract with Doe while paying in full for services performed. The board presumes this business decision is permitted by the terms of the engineering services contract.
  • hasAgent content: XYZ Corporation
  • temporalMarker content: Subsequent to Doe's verbal advice of his findings
  • eventRoleContext content: Client
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: End the consulting engagement before a written report is produced
  • textReferences content: the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 5
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Contract_Termination",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316022+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "Following Doe\u0027s verbal advice, XYZ Corporation terminates its contract with Doe while paying in full for services performed. The board presumes this business decision is permitted by the terms of the engineering services contract.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Client",
  "proeth:hasAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "End the consulting engagement before a written report is produced",
  "proeth:requiresCapability": [
    "Contract administration"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "Subsequent to Doe\u0027s verbal advice of his findings",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 5,
  "proeth:terminates": [
    "Client-Engineer Engagement"
  ],
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed"
  ],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Contract Termination"
}

Description: XYZ Corporation specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings, an instruction the board treats as raising the question of Doe's obligation under Section 2(c) when coupled with XYZ's later hearing testimony.

Temporal Marker: At the time of contract termination, following Doe's verbal advice instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (1)
  • Written Report Suppressed

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: Prevent any written record of Doe's conclusion that the discharge will violate established standards

Foreseen Unintended Effects:

  • Doe has reason to question the corporation's motive for suppressing the report
Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • initiates: Written Report Suppressed
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: XYZ Corporation specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings, an instruction the board treats as raising the question of Doe's obligation under Section 2(c) when coupled with XYZ's later hearing testimony.
  • hasAgent content: XYZ Corporation
  • temporalMarker content: At the time of contract termination, following Doe's verbal advice
  • eventRoleContext content: Client
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: Prevent any written record of Doe's conclusion that the discharge will violate established standards
  • foreseenUnintendedEffects content: Doe has reason to question the corporation's motive for suppressing the report
  • textReferences content: instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation; Doe, however, has reason to question why the corporation specifically stipulates that he not render a written report.
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 6
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Report_Suppression_Instruction",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316053+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "XYZ Corporation specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings, an instruction the board treats as raising the question of Doe\u0027s obligation under Section 2(c) when coupled with XYZ\u0027s later hearing testimony.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Client",
  "proeth:foreseenUnintendedEffects": [
    "Doe has reason to question the corporation\u0027s motive for suppressing the report"
  ],
  "proeth:hasAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Written Report Suppressed"
  ],
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "Prevent any written record of Doe\u0027s conclusion that the discharge will violate established standards",
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "At the time of contract termination, following Doe\u0027s verbal advice",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 6,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation",
    "Doe, however, has reason to question why the corporation specifically stipulates that he not render a written report."
  ],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Report Suppression Instruction"
}

Description: At the public hearing called by the authority, XYZ Corporation presents data supporting its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to Doe's findings.

Temporal Marker: At the public hearing called by the authority, after termination of Doe's contract instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (2)
  • Contrary Data Presented to Authority
  • Danger to Public Interest

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: Persuade the authority that the present discharge meets minimum standards and obtain the discharge permit

Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • initiates: Contrary Data Presented to Authority; Danger to Public Interest
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: At the public hearing called by the authority, XYZ Corporation presents data supporting its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to Doe's findings.
  • hasAgent content: XYZ Corporation
  • temporalMarker content: At the public hearing called by the authority, after termination of Doe's contract
  • eventRoleContext content: Client
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: Persuade the authority that the present discharge meets minimum standards and obtain the discharge permit
  • textReferences content: the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 8
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Public_Hearing_Testimony",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316080+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "At the public hearing called by the authority, XYZ Corporation presents data supporting its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to Doe\u0027s findings.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Client",
  "proeth:hasAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Contrary Data Presented to Authority",
    "Danger to Public Interest"
  ],
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "Persuade the authority that the present discharge meets minimum standards and obtain the discharge permit",
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "At the public hearing called by the authority, after termination of Doe\u0027s contract",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 8,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards"
  ],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Public Hearing Testimony"
}

Description: The board concludes that, upon learning of the hearing and XYZ's contrary testimony, Doe must take further action and advise the proper authority of the apparent danger to the public interest. The board treats not taking this action as unprofessional conduct.

Temporal Marker: Upon learning that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ presented contrary data instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (1)
  • Public Interest Protected
Terminates (1)
  • Danger to Public Interest

Mental State: deliberate

Intended Outcome: Protect the public safety, health, and welfare by notifying the proper authorities of the standards violation

Foreseen Unintended Effects:

  • Disclosure of findings adverse to the former client's position at the hearing
Obligation Engagement:
Fulfills (2)
  • Duty to Notify Proper Authorities
  • Duty to Public Welfare Paramount
Guided By Principles:
  • Paramount Public Welfare Principle
Required Capabilities:
Professional judgment Reporting to proper authorities
Within Competence: Yes
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • fulfillsObligation: Duty to Notify Proper Authorities; Duty to Public Welfare Paramount
  • guidedByPrinciple: Paramount Public Welfare Principle
  • requiresCapability: Professional judgment; Reporting to proper authorities
  • initiates: Public Interest Protected
  • terminates: Danger to Public Interest
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: The board concludes that, upon learning of the hearing and XYZ's contrary testimony, Doe must take further action and advise the proper authority of the apparent danger to the public interest. The board treats not taking this action as unprofessional conduct.
  • hasAgent content: Engineer Doe
  • temporalMarker content: Upon learning that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ presented contrary data
  • eventRoleContext content: Consulting Engineer
  • hasMentalState content: deliberate
  • intendedOutcome content: Protect the public safety, health, and welfare by notifying the proper authorities of the standards violation
  • foreseenUnintendedEffects content: Disclosure of findings adverse to the former client's position at the hearing
  • textReferences content: it would now be "unprofessional conduct" for Doe to not take further action to protect the public interest; the action of the engineer in advising proper authority of the apparent danger to the public interest will not in this case be disclosing the technical processes or business affairs of the client
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 10
  • withinCompetence assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Authority_Notification",
  "@type": "proeth:Action",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316108+00:00",
  "proeth:description": "The board concludes that, upon learning of the hearing and XYZ\u0027s contrary testimony, Doe must take further action and advise the proper authority of the apparent danger to the public interest. The board treats not taking this action as unprofessional conduct.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "discussion",
  "proeth:eventRoleContext": "Consulting Engineer",
  "proeth:foreseenUnintendedEffects": [
    "Disclosure of findings adverse to the former client\u0027s position at the hearing"
  ],
  "proeth:fulfillsObligation": [
    "Duty to Notify Proper Authorities",
    "Duty to Public Welfare Paramount"
  ],
  "proeth:guidedByPrinciple": [
    "Paramount Public Welfare Principle"
  ],
  "proeth:hasAgent": "Engineer Doe",
  "proeth:hasMentalState": "deliberate",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Public Interest Protected"
  ],
  "proeth:intendedOutcome": "Protect the public safety, health, and welfare by notifying the proper authorities of the standards violation",
  "proeth:raisesObligation": [],
  "proeth:requiresCapability": [
    "Professional judgment",
    "Reporting to proper authorities"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "Upon learning that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ presented contrary data",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 10,
  "proeth:terminates": [
    "Danger to Public Interest"
  ],
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "it would now be \"unprofessional conduct\" for Doe to not take further action to protect the public interest",
    "the action of the engineer in advising proper authority of the apparent danger to the public interest will not in this case be disclosing the technical processes or business affairs of the client"
  ],
  "proeth:violatesObligation": [],
  "proeth:withinCompetence": true,
  "rdfs:label": "Authority Notification"
}
Extracted Events (4)
Occurrences that trigger ethical considerations and state changes

Description: The State Pollution Control Authority advises XYZ Corporation that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes and informs it of the minimum standard that must be met.

Temporal Marker: Beginning of case, 60 days before permit deadline instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (2)
  • Permit Application Deadline Pending
  • Minimum Standards Requirement
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • initiates: Permit Application Deadline Pending; Minimum Standards Requirement
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: The State Pollution Control Authority advises XYZ Corporation that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes and informs it of the minimum standard that must be met.
  • temporalMarker content: Beginning of case, 60 days before permit deadline
  • textReferences content: The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes into a receiving body of water. XYZ is also advised of the minimum standard that must be met.
  • eventType content: exogenous
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 1
  • confidence assessment: 0.9
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Event_Regulatory_Permit_Notification",
  "@type": "proeth:Event",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316911+00:00",
  "proeth:confidence": "0.9",
  "proeth:description": "The State Pollution Control Authority advises XYZ Corporation that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes and informs it of the minimum standard that must be met.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventType": "exogenous",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Permit Application Deadline Pending",
    "Minimum Standards Requirement"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "Beginning of case, 60 days before permit deadline",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 1,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes into a receiving body of water. XYZ is also advised of the minimum standard that must be met."
  ],
  "rdfs:label": "Regulatory Permit Notification"
}

Description: After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe reaches the conclusion that the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly.

Temporal Marker: After completion of Doe's studies, before any written report instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (2)
  • Standards Violation Risk
  • Costly Corrective Action Needed

Caused By Action: Action_Consultant_Engagement

Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • causedByAction: http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Consultant_Engagement
  • initiates: Standards Violation Risk; Costly Corrective Action Needed
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe reaches the conclusion that the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly.
  • temporalMarker content: After completion of Doe's studies, before any written report
  • textReferences content: After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards. He further concludes that corrective action will be very costly.
  • eventType content: outcome
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 3
  • confidence assessment: 0.9
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Event_Adverse_Findings_Discovery",
  "@type": "proeth:Event",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316968+00:00",
  "proeth:causedByAction": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Consultant_Engagement",
  "proeth:confidence": "0.9",
  "proeth:description": "After completing his studies but before any written report, Doe reaches the conclusion that the discharge will lower the receiving water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventType": "outcome",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Standards Violation Risk",
    "Costly Corrective Action Needed"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "After completion of Doe\u0027s studies, before any written report",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 3,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards. He further concludes that corrective action will be very costly."
  ],
  "rdfs:label": "Adverse Findings Discovery"
}

Description: The State Pollution Control Authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge permit, at which XYZ presents its data.

Temporal Marker: After Doe's contract termination instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (1)
  • Public Hearing Pending
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • initiates: Public Hearing Pending
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: The State Pollution Control Authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge permit, at which XYZ presents its data.
  • temporalMarker content: After Doe's contract termination
  • textReferences content: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing
  • eventType content: exogenous
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 7
  • confidence assessment: 0.85
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Event_Public_Hearing_Called",
  "@type": "proeth:Event",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.316994+00:00",
  "proeth:confidence": "0.85",
  "proeth:description": "The State Pollution Control Authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge permit, at which XYZ presents its data.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventType": "exogenous",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Public Hearing Pending"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "After Doe\u0027s contract termination",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 7,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing"
  ],
  "rdfs:label": "Public Hearing Called"
}

Description: Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ Corporation has presented data claiming the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to his own findings.

Temporal Marker: After contract termination and report suppression, following the public hearing instant

Fluent Transitions:
Initiates (2)
  • Public Safety Threat Known
  • Doe Confronted With Public Duty

Caused By Action: Action_Public_Hearing_Testimony

Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • causedByAction: http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Public_Hearing_Testimony
  • initiates: Public Safety Threat Known; Doe Confronted With Public Duty
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • description content: Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ Corporation has presented data claiming the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to his own findings.
  • temporalMarker content: After contract termination and report suppression, following the public hearing
  • textReferences content: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.; Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public concerning its safety, health, and welfare.
  • eventType content: outcome
  • temporalExtent content: instant
  • temporalSequence content: 9
  • confidence assessment: 0.92
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "time": "http://www.w3.org/2006/time#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Event_Hearing_Testimony_Awareness",
  "@type": "proeth:Event",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317017+00:00",
  "proeth:causedByAction": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#Action_Public_Hearing_Testimony",
  "proeth:confidence": "0.92",
  "proeth:description": "Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that XYZ Corporation has presented data claiming the present discharge meets minimum standards, contrary to his own findings.",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:eventType": "outcome",
  "proeth:initiates": [
    "Public Safety Threat Known",
    "Doe Confronted With Public Duty"
  ],
  "proeth:temporalExtent": "instant",
  "proeth:temporalMarker": "After contract termination and report suppression, following the public hearing",
  "proeth:temporalSequence": 9,
  "proeth:textReferences": [
    "Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.",
    "Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public concerning its safety, health, and welfare."
  ],
  "rdfs:label": "Hearing Testimony Awareness"
}
Causal Chains (8)
NESS test analysis: Necessary Element of Sufficient Set

Causal Language: The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes into a receiving body of water. XYZ is also advised of the minimum standard that must be met. In an effort to convince the authority that the receiving body of water after receiving the manufacturing wastes will still meet established environmental standards, the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Regulatory demand for a discharge permit within 60 days
  • Minimum standards communicated by the authority
  • XYZ's desire to convince the authority its discharge would comply
Sufficient Factors:
  • Regulatory deadline combined with XYZ's need for expert engineering evidence to support its permit application
Counterfactual Test: Without the authority's permit notification and deadline, XYZ would have had no immediate reason to hire a consulting engineer to prepare a compliance report
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: XYZ Corporation
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Regulatory Permit Notification
    State Pollution Control Authority gives XYZ 60 days to apply for a discharge permit and states the minimum standard
  2. XYZ Compliance Strategy Decision
    XYZ seeks to convince the authority that its discharge will still meet established environmental standards
  3. Consultant Engagement
    XYZ employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting services and submit a detailed report
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Regulatory Permit Notification
  • effect: Consultant Engagement
  • responsibleAgent: XYZ Corporation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes into a receiving body of water. XYZ is also advised of the minimum standard that must be met. In an effort to convince the authority that the receiving body of water after receiving the manufacturing wastes will still meet established environmental standards, the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report.
  • necessaryFactors content: Regulatory demand for a discharge permit within 60 days; Minimum standards communicated by the authority; XYZ's desire to convince the authority its discharge would comply
  • sufficientFactors content: Regulatory deadline combined with XYZ's need for expert engineering evidence to support its permit application
  • counterfactual content: Without the authority's permit notification and deadline, XYZ would have had no immediate reason to hire a consulting engineer to prepare a compliance report
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew of the 60-day permit deadline and the minimum standards it was required to meet
  • interveningFactors content: State Pollution Control Authority's regulatory action
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Regulatory Permit Notification', 'proeth:description': 'State Pollution Control Authority gives XYZ 60 days to apply for a discharge permit and states the minimum standard'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'XYZ Compliance Strategy Decision', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ seeks to convince the authority that its discharge will still meet established environmental standards'}; {'proeth:step': 3, 'proeth:element': 'Consultant Engagement', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting services and submit a detailed report'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_1",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317067+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew of the 60-day permit deadline and the minimum standards it was required to meet",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit to discharge manufacturing wastes into a receiving body of water. XYZ is also advised of the minimum standard that must be met. In an effort to convince the authority that the receiving body of water after receiving the manufacturing wastes will still meet established environmental standards, the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "State Pollution Control Authority gives XYZ 60 days to apply for a discharge permit and states the minimum standard",
      "proeth:element": "Regulatory Permit Notification",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ seeks to convince the authority that its discharge will still meet established environmental standards",
      "proeth:element": "XYZ Compliance Strategy Decision",
      "proeth:step": 2
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting services and submit a detailed report",
      "proeth:element": "Consultant Engagement",
      "proeth:step": 3
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Regulatory Permit Notification",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Without the authority\u0027s permit notification and deadline, XYZ would have had no immediate reason to hire a consulting engineer to prepare a compliance report",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Consultant Engagement",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "State Pollution Control Authority\u0027s regulatory action"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Regulatory demand for a discharge permit within 60 days",
    "Minimum standards communicated by the authority",
    "XYZ\u0027s desire to convince the authority its discharge would comply"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Regulatory deadline combined with XYZ\u0027s need for expert engineering evidence to support its permit application"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Doe's engagement to perform consulting engineering studies
  • Completion of technical studies on the discharge
  • Actual discharge conditions that in fact fell below standards
Sufficient Factors:
  • Competent engineering study of a discharge that objectively fails to meet established standards
Counterfactual Test: Without the engagement and Doe's studies, the adverse condition would have existed but would not have been discovered and documented by Doe
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: Engineer Doe
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Consultant Engagement
    XYZ employs Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report
  2. Engineering Studies Performed
    Doe completes his technical studies of the discharge and receiving body of water
  3. Adverse Findings Discovery
    Doe concludes the discharge will lower water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Consultant Engagement
  • effect: Adverse Findings Discovery
  • responsibleAgent: Engineer Doe
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards.
  • necessaryFactors content: Doe's engagement to perform consulting engineering studies; Completion of technical studies on the discharge; Actual discharge conditions that in fact fell below standards
  • sufficientFactors content: Competent engineering study of a discharge that objectively fails to meet established standards
  • counterfactual content: Without the engagement and Doe's studies, the adverse condition would have existed but would not have been discovered and documented by Doe
  • agentKnowledge content: Doe performed the studies competently and understood the applicable environmental standards
  • interveningFactors content: The underlying physical condition of the plant's discharge
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Consultant Engagement', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ employs Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Engineering Studies Performed', 'proeth:description': 'Doe completes his technical studies of the discharge and receiving body of water'}; {'proeth:step': 3, 'proeth:element': 'Adverse Findings Discovery', 'proeth:description': 'Doe concludes the discharge will lower water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_2",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317094+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Doe performed the studies competently and understood the applicable environmental standards",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality of the receiving body of water below established standards.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ employs Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detailed report",
      "proeth:element": "Consultant Engagement",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe completes his technical studies of the discharge and receiving body of water",
      "proeth:element": "Engineering Studies Performed",
      "proeth:step": 2
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe concludes the discharge will lower water quality below established standards and that corrective action will be very costly",
      "proeth:element": "Adverse Findings Discovery",
      "proeth:step": 3
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Consultant Engagement",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Without the engagement and Doe\u0027s studies, the adverse condition would have existed but would not have been discovered and documented by Doe",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Adverse Findings Discovery",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "The underlying physical condition of the plant\u0027s discharge"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Doe\u0027s engagement to perform consulting engineering studies",
    "Completion of technical studies on the discharge",
    "Actual discharge conditions that in fact fell below standards"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "Engineer Doe",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Competent engineering study of a discharge that objectively fails to meet established standards"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Doe's conclusion that the discharge would violate established standards
  • Doe's ethical duty to advise his client under §§1 and 1(c)
  • An ongoing client relationship in which to communicate
Sufficient Factors:
  • Adverse findings combined with the faithful-agent duty to advise the client when a project will not be successful
Counterfactual Test: Without the adverse findings there would have been nothing adverse to report; the advisory would not have occurred in this form
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: Engineer Doe
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Adverse Findings Discovery
    Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water below established standards
  2. Verbal Advisory of Findings
    Doe verbally advises XYZ of his findings, meeting the letter and spirit of §§1 and 1(c)
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Adverse Findings Discovery
  • effect: Verbal Advisory of Findings
  • responsibleAgent: Engineer Doe
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings.
  • necessaryFactors content: Doe's conclusion that the discharge would violate established standards; Doe's ethical duty to advise his client under §§1 and 1(c); An ongoing client relationship in which to communicate
  • sufficientFactors content: Adverse findings combined with the faithful-agent duty to advise the client when a project will not be successful
  • counterfactual content: Without the adverse findings there would have been nothing adverse to report; the advisory would not have occurred in this form
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew his studies showed the discharge would fall below established standards and that corrective action would be very costly
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Adverse Findings Discovery', 'proeth:description': 'Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water below established standards'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Verbal Advisory of Findings', 'proeth:description': 'Doe verbally advises XYZ of his findings, meeting the letter and spirit of §§1 and 1(c)'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_3",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317119+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew his studies showed the discharge would fall below established standards and that corrective action would be very costly",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe concludes the discharge will lower the receiving water below established standards",
      "proeth:element": "Adverse Findings Discovery",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe verbally advises XYZ of his findings, meeting the letter and spirit of \u00a7\u00a71 and 1(c)",
      "proeth:element": "Verbal Advisory of Findings",
      "proeth:step": 2
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Adverse Findings Discovery",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Without the adverse findings there would have been nothing adverse to report; the advisory would not have occurred in this form",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Verbal Advisory of Findings",
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Doe\u0027s conclusion that the discharge would violate established standards",
    "Doe\u0027s ethical duty to advise his client under \u00a7\u00a71 and 1(c)",
    "An ongoing client relationship in which to communicate"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "Engineer Doe",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Adverse findings combined with the faithful-agent duty to advise the client when a project will not be successful"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings. Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Doe's verbal communication of adverse findings
  • XYZ's awareness that a written report would document non-compliance
  • Contractual ability to terminate (presumed permitted by the contract terms)
Sufficient Factors:
  • Adverse verbal findings combined with XYZ's motive to avoid a documented adverse report and costly corrective action
Counterfactual Test: Had Doe's findings been favorable, XYZ would have had no motive to terminate before receiving the written report it had commissioned
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: XYZ Corporation
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Verbal Advisory of Findings
    Doe verbally advises XYZ that the discharge will violate established standards
  2. XYZ Business Decision
    XYZ weighs the very costly corrective action against terminating the engagement
  3. Contract Termination
    XYZ terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Verbal Advisory of Findings
  • effect: Contract Termination
  • responsibleAgent: XYZ Corporation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings. Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed
  • necessaryFactors content: Doe's verbal communication of adverse findings; XYZ's awareness that a written report would document non-compliance; Contractual ability to terminate (presumed permitted by the contract terms)
  • sufficientFactors content: Adverse verbal findings combined with XYZ's motive to avoid a documented adverse report and costly corrective action
  • counterfactual content: Had Doe's findings been favorable, XYZ would have had no motive to terminate before receiving the written report it had commissioned
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew from Doe's verbal advice that his written report would show the discharge violated established standards and that corrective action would be very costly
  • interveningFactors content: High projected cost of corrective action
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Verbal Advisory of Findings', 'proeth:description': 'Doe verbally advises XYZ that the discharge will violate established standards'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'XYZ Business Decision', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ weighs the very costly corrective action against terminating the engagement'}; {'proeth:step': 3, 'proeth:element': 'Contract Termination', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_4",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317140+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew from Doe\u0027s verbal advice that his written report would show the discharge violated established standards and that corrective action would be very costly",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings. Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe verbally advises XYZ that the discharge will violate established standards",
      "proeth:element": "Verbal Advisory of Findings",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ weighs the very costly corrective action against terminating the engagement",
      "proeth:element": "XYZ Business Decision",
      "proeth:step": 2
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed",
      "proeth:element": "Contract Termination",
      "proeth:step": 3
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Verbal Advisory of Findings",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Had Doe\u0027s findings been favorable, XYZ would have had no motive to terminate before receiving the written report it had commissioned",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Contract Termination",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "High projected cost of corrective action"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Doe\u0027s verbal communication of adverse findings",
    "XYZ\u0027s awareness that a written report would document non-compliance",
    "Contractual ability to terminate (presumed permitted by the contract terms)"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Adverse verbal findings combined with XYZ\u0027s motive to avoid a documented adverse report and costly corrective action"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed, and instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Termination of the engagement before any written report existed
  • XYZ's knowledge of the adverse conclusions
  • XYZ's intent to prevent documentary evidence of non-compliance
Sufficient Factors:
  • Termination coupled with XYZ's motive to keep the adverse findings undocumented
Counterfactual Test: Without the termination and XYZ's desire to avoid a documented adverse finding, there would have been no instruction to suppress the written report
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: XYZ Corporation
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Contract Termination
    XYZ terminates Doe's contract with full payment before any written report is completed
  2. Report Suppression Instruction
    XYZ specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report, giving Doe reason to question the stipulation
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Contract Termination
  • effect: Report Suppression Instruction
  • responsibleAgent: XYZ Corporation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed, and instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation.
  • necessaryFactors content: Termination of the engagement before any written report existed; XYZ's knowledge of the adverse conclusions; XYZ's intent to prevent documentary evidence of non-compliance
  • sufficientFactors content: Termination coupled with XYZ's motive to keep the adverse findings undocumented
  • counterfactual content: Without the termination and XYZ's desire to avoid a documented adverse finding, there would have been no instruction to suppress the written report
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew Doe's written report would document that the discharge fails established standards
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Contract Termination', 'proeth:description': "XYZ terminates Doe's contract with full payment before any written report is completed"}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Report Suppression Instruction', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report, giving Doe reason to question the stipulation'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_5",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317160+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew Doe\u0027s written report would document that the discharge fails established standards",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Subsequently, the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed, and instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ terminates Doe\u0027s contract with full payment before any written report is completed",
      "proeth:element": "Contract Termination",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ specifically instructs Doe not to render a written report, giving Doe reason to question the stipulation",
      "proeth:element": "Report Suppression Instruction",
      "proeth:step": 2
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Contract Termination",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Without the termination and XYZ\u0027s desire to avoid a documented adverse finding, there would have been no instruction to suppress the written report",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Report Suppression Instruction",
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Termination of the engagement before any written report existed",
    "XYZ\u0027s knowledge of the adverse conclusions",
    "XYZ\u0027s intent to prevent documentary evidence of non-compliance"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Termination coupled with XYZ\u0027s motive to keep the adverse findings undocumented"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • The authority's decision to call a public hearing
  • XYZ's continued position that its discharge meets minimum standards
  • XYZ's suppression of the contrary expert findings
Sufficient Factors:
  • A public hearing forum combined with XYZ's determination to defend its discharge despite knowing Doe's contrary conclusions
Counterfactual Test: Without the hearing, XYZ would have had no forum at which to present data supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: XYZ Corporation
Type: direct
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Public Hearing Called
    The authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge
  2. Public Hearing Testimony
    XYZ presents data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Public Hearing Called
  • effect: Public Hearing Testimony
  • responsibleAgent: XYZ Corporation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.
  • necessaryFactors content: The authority's decision to call a public hearing; XYZ's continued position that its discharge meets minimum standards; XYZ's suppression of the contrary expert findings
  • sufficientFactors content: A public hearing forum combined with XYZ's determination to defend its discharge despite knowing Doe's contrary conclusions
  • counterfactual content: Without the hearing, XYZ would have had no forum at which to present data supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew from Doe's verbal advisory that its own retained expert had concluded the discharge would violate established standards, yet presented contrary data
  • interveningFactors content: State Pollution Control Authority's decision to hold the hearing
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Public Hearing Called', 'proeth:description': 'The authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Public Hearing Testimony', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ presents data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: direct
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_6",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317178+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew from Doe\u0027s verbal advisory that its own retained expert had concluded the discharge would violate established standards, yet presented contrary data",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "The authority calls a public hearing concerning the discharge",
      "proeth:element": "Public Hearing Called",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ presents data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards",
      "proeth:element": "Public Hearing Testimony",
      "proeth:step": 2
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Public Hearing Called",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Without the hearing, XYZ would have had no forum at which to present data supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Public Hearing Testimony",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "State Pollution Control Authority\u0027s decision to hold the hearing"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "The authority\u0027s decision to call a public hearing",
    "XYZ\u0027s continued position that its discharge meets minimum standards",
    "XYZ\u0027s suppression of the contrary expert findings"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "direct",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "A public hearing forum combined with XYZ\u0027s determination to defend its discharge despite knowing Doe\u0027s contrary conclusions"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • XYZ's actual presentation of data at the hearing
  • The public nature of the hearing making the testimony knowable
  • Doe's continued attention to the matter
Sufficient Factors:
  • Public testimony at a hearing accessible to Doe's knowledge
Counterfactual Test: Had XYZ not presented data at the hearing, Doe would not have learned of testimony contradicting his findings
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: XYZ Corporation
Type: indirect
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Public Hearing Testimony
    XYZ presents data at the hearing supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards
  2. Hearing Testimony Awareness
    Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ's testimony contradicting his findings
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Public Hearing Testimony
  • effect: Hearing Testimony Awareness
  • responsibleAgent: XYZ Corporation
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.
  • necessaryFactors content: XYZ's actual presentation of data at the hearing; The public nature of the hearing making the testimony knowable; Doe's continued attention to the matter
  • sufficientFactors content: Public testimony at a hearing accessible to Doe's knowledge
  • counterfactual content: Had XYZ not presented data at the hearing, Doe would not have learned of testimony contradicting his findings
  • agentKnowledge content: XYZ knew its testimony contradicted the expert conclusions it had suppressed
  • interveningFactors content: Public accessibility of the hearing proceedings
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Public Hearing Testimony', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ presents data at the hearing supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Hearing Testimony Awareness', 'proeth:description': "Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ's testimony contradicting his findings"}
  • responsibilityType assessment: indirect
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_7",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317196+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "XYZ knew its testimony contradicted the expert conclusions it had suppressed",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Thereafter, Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support its view that the present discharge meets minimum standards.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ presents data at the hearing supporting its view that the discharge meets minimum standards",
      "proeth:element": "Public Hearing Testimony",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ\u0027s testimony contradicting his findings",
      "proeth:element": "Hearing Testimony Awareness",
      "proeth:step": 2
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Public Hearing Testimony",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Had XYZ not presented data at the hearing, Doe would not have learned of testimony contradicting his findings",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "facts",
  "proeth:effect": "Hearing Testimony Awareness",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "Public accessibility of the hearing proceedings"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "XYZ\u0027s actual presentation of data at the hearing",
    "The public nature of the hearing making the testimony knowable",
    "Doe\u0027s continued attention to the matter"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "indirect",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "XYZ Corporation",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Public testimony at a hearing accessible to Doe\u0027s knowledge"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}

Causal Language: Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public concerning its safety, health, and welfare.

Necessary Factors (NESS):
  • Doe's knowledge of XYZ's contrary testimony at the hearing
  • Doe's expert knowledge that the discharge violates established standards
  • Code §2(a) making duty to the public paramount
  • Code §2(c) requiring notification of proper authorities when a client insists on unprofessional conduct
Sufficient Factors:
  • Knowledge that the public is being misled about a condition detrimental to public health and safety, combined with the code's paramount public-welfare duty
Counterfactual Test: Had Doe never learned of the hearing and XYZ's testimony, he would not have been squarely confronted with the obligation to take further action; the suppression instruction alone had not yet triggered mandatory notification
Responsibility Attribution:

Agent: Engineer Doe
Type: shared
Within Agent Control: Yes

Causal Sequence:
  1. Report Suppression Instruction
    XYZ instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings
  2. Public Hearing Testimony
    XYZ presents data at the hearing claiming its discharge meets minimum standards
  3. Hearing Testimony Awareness
    Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ's contrary testimony
  4. Ethical Duty Triggered
    The board interprets §2(c) to mean it would be unprofessional conduct for Doe not to take further action to protect the public interest
  5. Authority Notification
    Doe must notify the proper authorities of the apparent danger to the public interest, without disclosing confidential business affairs under §7
Field classification (triples vs literals)
Relations (structural triples)
  • cause: Hearing Testimony Awareness
  • effect: Authority Notification
  • responsibleAgent: Engineer Doe
Literal extractions (kept for synthesis)
  • causalLanguage content: Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public concerning its safety, health, and welfare.
  • necessaryFactors content: Doe's knowledge of XYZ's contrary testimony at the hearing; Doe's expert knowledge that the discharge violates established standards; Code §2(a) making duty to the public paramount; Code §2(c) requiring notification of proper authorities when a client insists on unprofessional conduct
  • sufficientFactors content: Knowledge that the public is being misled about a condition detrimental to public health and safety, combined with the code's paramount public-welfare duty
  • counterfactual content: Had Doe never learned of the hearing and XYZ's testimony, he would not have been squarely confronted with the obligation to take further action; the suppression instruction alone had not yet triggered mandatory notification
  • agentKnowledge content: Knew the discharge would lower water quality below established standards, knew XYZ suppressed his report, and knew XYZ presented contrary data to the authority
  • interveningFactors content: XYZ's report suppression instruction; XYZ's misleading hearing testimony
  • causalSequence content: {'proeth:step': 1, 'proeth:element': 'Report Suppression Instruction', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings'}; {'proeth:step': 2, 'proeth:element': 'Public Hearing Testimony', 'proeth:description': 'XYZ presents data at the hearing claiming its discharge meets minimum standards'}; {'proeth:step': 3, 'proeth:element': 'Hearing Testimony Awareness', 'proeth:description': "Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ's contrary testimony"}; {'proeth:step': 4, 'proeth:element': 'Ethical Duty Triggered', 'proeth:description': 'The board interprets §2(c) to mean it would be unprofessional conduct for Doe not to take further action to protect the public interest'}; {'proeth:step': 5, 'proeth:element': 'Authority Notification', 'proeth:description': 'Doe must notify the proper authorities of the apparent danger to the public interest, without disclosing confidential business affairs under §7'}
  • responsibilityType assessment: shared
  • withinAgentControl assessment: True
RDF JSON-LD 
{
  "@context": {
    "proeth": "http://proethica.org/ontology/intermediate#",
    "proeth-case": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://proethica.org/ontology/case/72#CausalChain_8",
  "@type": "proeth:CausalChain",
  "generatedAtTime": "2026-07-12T02:20:10.317216+00:00",
  "proeth:agentKnowledge": "Knew the discharge would lower water quality below established standards, knew XYZ suppressed his report, and knew XYZ presented contrary data to the authority",
  "proeth:causalLanguage": "Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public concerning its safety, health, and welfare.",
  "proeth:causalSequence": [
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ instructs Doe not to render a written report of his adverse findings",
      "proeth:element": "Report Suppression Instruction",
      "proeth:step": 1
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "XYZ presents data at the hearing claiming its discharge meets minimum standards",
      "proeth:element": "Public Hearing Testimony",
      "proeth:step": 2
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe learns of the hearing and of XYZ\u0027s contrary testimony",
      "proeth:element": "Hearing Testimony Awareness",
      "proeth:step": 3
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "The board interprets \u00a72(c) to mean it would be unprofessional conduct for Doe not to take further action to protect the public interest",
      "proeth:element": "Ethical Duty Triggered",
      "proeth:step": 4
    },
    {
      "proeth:description": "Doe must notify the proper authorities of the apparent danger to the public interest, without disclosing confidential business affairs under \u00a77",
      "proeth:element": "Authority Notification",
      "proeth:step": 5
    }
  ],
  "proeth:cause": "Hearing Testimony Awareness",
  "proeth:counterfactual": "Had Doe never learned of the hearing and XYZ\u0027s testimony, he would not have been squarely confronted with the obligation to take further action; the suppression instruction alone had not yet triggered mandatory notification",
  "proeth:discoveredInSection": "discussion",
  "proeth:effect": "Authority Notification",
  "proeth:interveningFactors": [
    "XYZ\u0027s report suppression instruction",
    "XYZ\u0027s misleading hearing testimony"
  ],
  "proeth:necessaryFactors": [
    "Doe\u0027s knowledge of XYZ\u0027s contrary testimony at the hearing",
    "Doe\u0027s expert knowledge that the discharge violates established standards",
    "Code \u00a72(a) making duty to the public paramount",
    "Code \u00a72(c) requiring notification of proper authorities when a client insists on unprofessional conduct"
  ],
  "proeth:responsibilityType": "shared",
  "proeth:responsibleAgent": "Engineer Doe",
  "proeth:sufficientFactors": [
    "Knowledge that the public is being misled about a condition detrimental to public health and safety, combined with the code\u0027s paramount public-welfare duty"
  ],
  "proeth:withinAgentControl": true
}
Allen Temporal Relations (13)
Interval algebra relationships with OWL-Time standard properties
From Entity Allen Relation To Entity OWL-Time Property Evidence
Authority's notification to XYZ (60-day permit requirement and minimum standards) before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		XYZ's employment of Engineer Doe time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		The XYZ Corporation has been advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to a... [more]
Authority's notification to XYZ starts
Entity1 and Entity2 start at the same time, Entity1 ends first 		60-day permit application window time:intervalStarts
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalStarts 		advised by a State Pollution Control Authority that it has 60 days to apply for a permit
Doe's engineering studies during
Entity1 occurs entirely within the duration of Entity2 		Doe's consulting contract with XYZ time:intervalDuring
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalDuring 		the corporation employs Engineer Doe to perform consulting engineering services and submit a detaile... [more]
completion of Doe's studies before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		Doe's conclusion that the discharge will violate established standards time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes that the ... [more]
Doe's conclusion about the discharge before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		completion of any written report time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		After completion of his studies but before completion of any written report, Doe concludes...
Doe's conclusion about the discharge before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		Doe's verbal advice to XYZ time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		Doe concludes that the discharge from the plant will lower the quality... Doe verbally advises the X... [more]
Doe's verbal advice to XYZ before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		XYZ's termination of Doe's contract with full payment time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		Doe verbally advises the XYZ Corporation of his findings. Subsequently, the corporation terminates t... [more]
XYZ's termination of Doe's contract equals
Entity1 and Entity2 have the same start and end times 		XYZ's instruction to Doe not to render a written report time:intervalEquals
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalEquals 		the corporation terminates the contract with Doe with full payment for services performed, and instr... [more]
termination of Doe's contract and instruction not to report before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		Doe learning of the public hearing time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		instructs Doe not to render a written report to the corporation. Thereafter, Doe learns that the aut... [more]
authority calling the public hearing before
Entity1 is before Entity2 		Doe learning of the hearing time:intervalBefore
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalBefore 		Doe learns that the authority has called a public hearing
XYZ's presentation of data claiming compliance during
Entity1 occurs entirely within the duration of Entity2 		the public hearing time:intervalDuring
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalDuring 		the authority has called a public hearing and that the XYZ Corporation has presented data to support... [more]
Doe learning of the hearing and XYZ's testimony meets
Entity1 ends exactly when Entity2 begins 		Doe's obligation to take further action to notify proper authorities time:intervalMeets
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalMeets 		Upon learning of the hearing, he is squarely confronted with his obligations to the public... it wou... [more]
Doe's verbal advice to XYZ during
Entity1 occurs entirely within the duration of Entity2 		Doe's fulfillment of duties as faithful agent under §§1 and 1(c) time:intervalDuring
http://www.w3.org/2006/time#intervalDuring 		His verbal advice to the corporation would seem to meet the letter and spirit of §§1 and 1(c)
About Allen Relations & OWL-Time

Allen's Interval Algebra provides 13 basic temporal relations between intervals. These relations are mapped to OWL-Time standard properties for interoperability with Semantic Web temporal reasoning systems and SPARQL queries.

Each relation includes both a ProEthica custom property and a time:* OWL-Time property for maximum compatibility.

Back to Extraction Continue to Step 4

© Licensed under the GNU GPL v3